Kamiya Midori, Ihira Hikaru, Taniguchi Yoshiaki, Matsumoto Daisuke, Ishigaki Tomoya, Okamae Akio, Ogawa Tatsuya, Misu Shogo, Miyashita Toshinori, Ohnuma Takeshi, Chibana Tomohisa, Morikawa Natsu, Ikezoe Tome, Makizako Hyuma
Department of Rehabilitation, Yachiyo Hospital, Sumiyoshi-cho, Anjo-city, Aichi 446-0072, Japan.
Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan.
Exp Gerontol. 2023 Feb;172:112041. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.112041. Epub 2022 Dec 5.
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of low-intensity resistance training on knee extension strength with respect to intensity, frequency, duration and training site in community-dwelling older adults.
A literature search was conducted for articles published up to December 2018 on PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), OTseeker and Ichushi-Web. Randomized controlled trials involving resistance training with <60 % one repetition maximum (1RM) in community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years and older were eligible.
In total, 7 studies involving 275 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed significant improvements in knee extension strength with low-intensity resistance training [standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.62, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.32 to 0.91]. In subgroup analyses, significant improvements were observed in the group with intensity at 50-60 % 1RM (0.83, 0.46 to 1.19), but not in the group at 40 % or less 1RM (0.30, 95%CI: -0.08 to 0.68). Concerning frequency, there were significant improvements in knee strength for those receiving training three times (0.90, 0.52 to 1.27) and two times (0.36, 0.03 to 0.69) per week, with a significant difference between the groups (p = 0.04).
Low-intensity resistance training should be considered as an effective intervention to improve knee extension strength in community-dwelling older adults. Older adults may show more improvement in knee extension strength if intensity of the training is set at 50-60 % 1RM and frequency of training is three times per week.
本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在探讨低强度抗阻训练对社区居住的老年人膝关节伸展力量的影响，涉及强度、频率、持续时间和训练部位。
在PubMed、Cochrane对照试验中心注册库（CENTRAL）、物理治疗证据数据库（PEDro）、OTseeker和Ichushi-Web上检索截至2018年12月发表的文章。纳入60岁及以上社区居住老年人进行最大重复次数（1RM）小于60%的抗阻训练的随机对照试验。
荟萃分析共纳入7项研究，涉及275名参与者。结果显示，低强度抗阻训练可显著改善膝关节伸展力量[标准化均数差（SMD）0.62，95%置信区间（CI）0.32至0.91]。亚组分析中，1RM强度为50-60%的组有显著改善（0.83，0.46至1.19），而1RM强度为40%及以下的组未观察到显著改善（0.30，95%CI：-0.08至0.68）。关于频率，每周接受3次训练（0.90，0.52至1.27）和2次训练（0.36，0.03至0.69）的参与者膝关节力量有显著改善，两组间有显著差异（p = 0.04）。
低强度抗阻训练应被视为改善社区居住老年人膝关节伸展力量的有效干预措施。如果训练强度设定为1RM的50-60%，训练频率为每周3次，老年人的膝关节伸展力量可能会有更大改善。
