Upadhaya Santi Devi, Kim In Ho
Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, No.29 Anseodong, Cheonan, 31116, Choongnam, South Korea.
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2022 Dec 7;13(1):140. doi: 10.1186/s40104-022-00790-4.
Pigs are exposed to various challenges such as weaning, environmental stressors, unhealthy diet, diseases and infections during their lifetime which adversely affects the gut microbiome. The inability of the pig microbiome to return to the pre-challenge baseline may lead to dysbiosis resulting in the outbreak of diseases. Therefore, the maintenance of gut microbiome diversity, robustness and stability has been influential for optimum intestinal health after perturbations. Nowadays human and animal researches have focused on more holistic approaches to obtain a robust gut microbiota that provides protection against pathogens and improves the digestive physiology and the immune system. In this review, we present an overview of the swine gut microbiota, factors affecting the gut microbiome and the importance of microbial stability in promoting optimal intestinal health. Additionally, we discussed the current understanding of nutritional interventions using fibers and pre/probiotics supplementation as non-antibiotic alternatives to maintain microbiota resilience to replace diminished species.
猪在其一生中会面临各种挑战，如断奶、环境应激源、不健康饮食、疾病和感染等，这些都会对肠道微生物群产生不利影响。猪的微生物群无法恢复到挑战前的基线水平，可能会导致生态失调，从而引发疾病。因此，在受到干扰后，维持肠道微生物群的多样性、强健性和稳定性对最佳肠道健康具有重要意义。如今，人类和动物研究都集中在更全面的方法上，以获得强健的肠道微生物群，从而抵御病原体，改善消化生理和免疫系统。在这篇综述中，我们概述了猪肠道微生物群、影响肠道微生物群的因素以及微生物稳定性在促进最佳肠道健康方面的重要性。此外，我们还讨论了目前对使用纤维和补充益生元/益生菌等营养干预措施的理解，这些措施作为非抗生素替代品，可维持微生物群的恢复力，以替代减少的物种。
