Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Autonomous University of Yucatán, Merida, Mexico.
Phytother Res. 2023 Mar;37(3):1092-1114. doi: 10.1002/ptr.7700. Epub 2022 Dec 8.
The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has been one of the largest public health crises globally, while thrombotic complications have emerged as an important factor contributing to mortality. Therefore, compounds that regulate the processes involved in thrombosis could represent a dietary strategy to prevent thrombotic complications involved in COVID-19. In August 2022, various databases were consulted using the keywords "flavonoids", "antiplatelet", "anticoagulant", "fibrinolytic", and "nitric oxide". Studies conducted between 2019 and 2022 were chosen. Flavonoids, at concentrations mainly between 2 and 300 μM, are capable of regulating platelet aggregation, blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, and nitric oxide production due to their action on multiple receptors and enzymes. Most of the studies have been carried out through in vitro and in silico models, and limited studies have reported the in vivo and clinical effect of flavonoids. Currently, quercetin has been the only flavonoid evaluated clinically in patients with COVID-19 for its effect on D-dimer levels. Therefore, clinical studies in COVID-19 patients analyzing the effect on platelet, coagulant, fibrinolytic, and nitric oxide parameters are required. In addition, further high-quality studies that consider cytotoxic safety and bioavailability are required to firmly propose flavonoids as a treatment for the thrombotic complications implicated in COVID-19.
SARS-CoV-2 爆发是全球最大的公共卫生危机之一，而血栓并发症已成为导致死亡率的一个重要因素。因此，调节血栓形成过程的化合物可能代表一种预防 COVID-19 相关血栓并发症的饮食策略。2022 年 8 月，使用“类黄酮”、“抗血小板”、“抗凝”、“纤溶”和“一氧化氮”等关键词检索了各种数据库。选择了 2019 年至 2022 年期间进行的研究。类黄酮在 2 至 300 μM 的浓度范围内，由于其对多种受体和酶的作用，能够调节血小板聚集、血液凝固、纤溶和一氧化氮的产生。大多数研究都是通过体外和计算机模型进行的，只有有限的研究报告了类黄酮的体内和临床效果。目前，只有槲皮素已被评估在 COVID-19 患者中用于其对 D-二聚体水平的影响的临床研究。因此，需要在 COVID-19 患者中进行分析对血小板、凝血、纤溶和一氧化氮参数影响的临床研究。此外，还需要进一步进行高质量的研究，考虑细胞毒性安全性和生物利用度，以确定将类黄酮作为 COVID-19 相关血栓并发症的治疗方法。
