NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Nov 24;19(23):15583. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192315583.
Rare earth elements (REEs) are widely found in foods. A high intake of REEs may have associations with adverse effects on human health. This study aimed to investigate the concentrations of REEs in foods in China and to assess the risk of dietary REEs exposure in the Chinese population. The mean concentrations of the total REEs in 27,457 food samples from 11 food categories ranged from 0.04 to 1.41 mg/kg. The daily mean dietary exposure of the total REEs was 1.62 μg/kg BW in the general Chinese population and ranged from 1.61 to 2.80 μg/kg BW in different sex-age groups. The high consumer exposure (95th percentile, P95) was 4.83 μg/kg BW, 9.38% of the temporary ADI (tADI) of REEs (51.5 μg/kg BW). None of the P95 exposure exceeded the tADI in all of the sub-groups. Lanthanum, cerium, and yttrium accounted for approximately 63% of the total exposure of the 16 REEs. The hazard index of 16 REEs was far below 1. Therefore, the health risk of dietary REEs exposure in the general Chinese population was low. No cumulative risk was found for the 16 REEs in China. The results indicate there was no need to stipulate the limits of REEs in foods.
稀土元素（REEs）广泛存在于食品中。大量摄入 REEs 可能与对人类健康的不良影响有关。本研究旨在调查中国食品中 REEs 的浓度，并评估中国人群膳食 REEs 暴露的风险。11 类食品中 27457 个食品样本中 REEs 总量的平均值浓度范围为 0.04-1.41mg/kg。中国一般人群 REEs 总量的日平均膳食暴露量为 1.62μg/kg BW，不同性别-年龄组的范围为 1.61-2.80μg/kg BW。高消费者暴露量（95 百分位数，P95）为 4.83μg/kg BW，占 REEs 暂定每日允许摄入量（tADI）（51.5μg/kg BW）的 9.38%。在所有亚组中，没有任何 P95 暴露量超过 tADI。镧、铈和钇约占 16 种 REEs 总暴露量的 63%。16 种 REEs 的危害指数远低于 1。因此，中国一般人群膳食 REEs 暴露的健康风险较低。在中国，16 种 REEs 未发现累积风险。结果表明，没有必要规定食品中 REEs 的限量。
