Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport and Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Universidad de León, 24004 Leon, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Nov 28;19(23):15857. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192315857.
Tennis is an asymmetric sport characterized by a systematic repetition of specific movements that may cause disturbances in muscular strength, power, and torque. Thus, we assessed (i) the torque, power, ratio production, and bilateral asymmetries in the shoulder's external and internal rotations at 90 and 180°/s angular velocities, and (ii) the point duration influence of the above-mentioned variables. Twenty competitive tennis players performed external and internal shoulder rotations; an isokinetic evaluation was conducted of the dominant and non-dominant upper limbs before and after five and ten forehands. A higher torque production in the shoulder's internal rotations at 90 and 180°/s was observed for the dominant vs. non-dominant sides (e.g., 63.1 ± 15.6 vs. 45.9 ± 9.8% and 62.5 ± 17.3 vs. 44.0 ± 12.6% of peak torque/body mass, < 0.05). The peak torque decreased only after ten forehands (38.3 ± 15.8 vs. 38.2 ± 15.8 and 39.3 ± 16.1 vs. 38.1 ± 15.6 Nm, respectively, < 0.05), but without impacting speed or accuracy. Unilateral systematic actions of tennis players caused contralateral asymmetries, evidencing the importance of implementing compensatory training. The forehand kinematic assessment suggests that racket and wrist amplitude, as well as speed, are important success determinants in tennis.
网球是一项非对称运动,其特点是有规律地重复特定动作,这可能会导致肌肉力量、功率和扭矩的紊乱。因此,我们评估了(i)在 90°/s 和 180°/s 角速度下肩部外旋和内旋的扭矩、功率、比输出和双侧不对称性,以及(ii)上述变量的点持续时间影响。20 名竞技网球运动员进行了肩部外旋和内旋;在进行五次和十次正手击球前后,对优势和非优势上肢进行了等速评估。在 90°/s 和 180°/s 时,优势侧肩部内旋的扭矩产生明显更高(例如,优势侧与非优势侧的峰值扭矩/体重分别为 63.1 ± 15.6%比 45.9 ± 9.8%和 62.5 ± 17.3%比 44.0 ± 12.6%, < 0.05)。仅在进行十次正手击球后,峰值扭矩才会下降(38.3 ± 15.8 比 38.2 ± 15.8 和 39.3 ± 16.1 比 38.1 ± 15.6 Nm, < 0.05),但不会影响速度或准确性。网球运动员的单侧系统动作导致了对侧的不对称性,这表明实施补偿性训练的重要性。正手击球的运动学评估表明,球拍和手腕的幅度以及速度是网球运动成功的重要决定因素。
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