Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui 910-8507, Japan.
Molecules. 2022 Dec 2;27(23):8479. doi: 10.3390/molecules27238479.
Spider dragline silk has unique characteristics of strength and extensibility, including supercontraction. When we use it as a biomaterial or material for textiles, it is important to suppress the effect of water on the fiber by as much as possible in order to maintain dimensional stability. In order to produce spider silk with a highly hydrophobic character, based on the sequence of ADF-3 silk, we produced recombinant silk (RSSP(VLI)) where all QQ sequences were replaced by VL, while single Q was replaced by I. The artificial RSSP(VLI) fiber was prepared using formic acid as the spinning solvent and methanol as the coagulant solvent. The dimensional stability and water absorption experiments of the fiber were performed for eight kinds of silk fiber. RSSP(VLI) fiber showed high dimensional stability, which is suitable for textiles. A remarkable decrease in the motion of the fiber in water was made evident by C solid-state NMR. This study using C solid-state NMR is the first trial to put spider silk to practical use and provide information regarding the molecular design of new recombinant spider silk materials with high dimensional stability in water, allowing recombinant spider silk proteins to be used in next-generation biomaterials and materials for textiles.
蜘蛛牵引丝具有强度和可延展性的独特特性，包括超收缩。当我们将其用作生物材料或纺织品材料时，通过尽可能抑制纤维对水的影响来保持尺寸稳定性非常重要。为了生产具有高度疏水性的蜘蛛丝，我们基于 ADF-3 丝的序列，生产了重组丝（RSSP(VLI)），其中所有的 QQ 序列都被 VL 取代，而单个 Q 被 I 取代。使用甲酸作为纺丝溶剂和甲醇作为凝固剂溶剂来制备人工 RSSP(VLI)纤维。对 8 种丝纤维进行了纤维尺寸稳定性和吸水率实验。RSSP(VLI)纤维表现出高尺寸稳定性，适合用于纺织品。C 固态 NMR 明显证明了纤维在水中运动的显著减少。这项使用 C 固态 NMR 的研究首次尝试将蜘蛛丝实际应用，并为具有高尺寸稳定性的新型重组蜘蛛丝材料的分子设计提供信息，从而使重组蜘蛛丝蛋白能够用于下一代生物材料和纺织品材料。
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