Maldonado-Pereira Lisaura, Barnaba Carlo, Medina-Meza Ilce Gabriela
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Institute of Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2023 Feb;172:113552. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113552. Epub 2022 Dec 9.
Baby Foods (BFs) and Infant formulas (IFs) are the main sources of nutrition for an infant throughout the 1st year of life. Various enriched products are commercially available for parents seeking to fulfill their baby's nutritional needs. Consequently, different bioactive lipids are present in BFs and IFs, including dietary oxysterols (DOxS), whose known toxicity has been associated with mutagenicity, cancer, and other chronic diseases. In this work, we performed an exposure assessment of 25 bioactive lipids on IFs (n = 30) and BFs (n = 13) commercially available in the US. To determine dietary exposure, we used EPA's SHEDS-HT probabilistic model. Even though β-Sitosterol was the most exposed bioactive lipid with 75,410 μg/day, cholesterol was the most absorbed compound during the entire first year (19.3 mg/day). Additionally, we found 7α-hydroxycholesterol (7α-OH) as a potential DOxS biomarker of the BFs manufacturing process. This is the first time an infant's exposure assessment (including DOxS) after BFs and IFs consumption is performed, enabling much-needed information regarding these hazardous compounds and their potential effects on infants' health.
婴儿食品（BFs）和婴儿配方奶粉（IFs）是婴儿出生后第一年的主要营养来源。对于寻求满足婴儿营养需求的父母来说，市场上有各种强化产品可供选择。因此，BFs和IFs中存在不同的生物活性脂质，包括膳食氧化甾醇（DOxS），其已知毒性与致突变性、癌症和其他慢性疾病有关。在这项研究中，我们对美国市场上销售的30种IFs和13种BFs中的25种生物活性脂质进行了暴露评估。为了确定膳食暴露情况，我们使用了美国环保署的SHEDS-HT概率模型。尽管β-谷甾醇是暴露量最高的生物活性脂质，为75410μg/天，但胆固醇是整个第一年吸收最多的化合物（19.3mg/天）。此外，我们发现7α-羟基胆固醇（7α-OH）是BFs生产过程中潜在的DOxS生物标志物。这是首次对食用BFs和IFs后的婴儿进行暴露评估（包括DOxS），从而获得了关于这些有害化合物及其对婴儿健康潜在影响的急需信息。
