Department of Pharmacology, Maharishi Markandeswar Medical College and Hospital, Sultanpur, Khumarhati, Solan-173229, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Department of Pharmacology, University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2023;23(7):917-926. doi: 10.2174/1871530323666221208151913.
The unbearable heat waves that we are experiencing these days around the world are the result of increasing global warming, leading to heat stress and a constant health issue for the existing population. The thermoregulatory dysfunction of the human body due to climatological changes might result in fluid and electrolyte imbalance and transforms the human body from a normal physiological condition to a distorted pathological state. Subsequently, at one point in time, the human body may fail to handle its normal thermoregulatory function in the form of sudden unconsciousness and health defects. There might be associated dehydration that imposes renal damage, even to the extent to cause acute kidney injury (AKI), followed by chronic kidney disease (CKD). Thus, we cannot deny CKD as a major cause of death, mainly in patients having long-standing medical issues such as cardiac dysfunction, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, heat stress nephropathy (HSN) might therefore become a major health problem. There is always a hopeful way in our hands, fortunately, which is of course prevention, that comes through government policies and human awareness. The present review brings out light on the alarming resultant facts of heat stress, dehydration, its pathology, molecular derangements, and recommendations for the prevention of heat stress nephropathy.
目前，世界各地都在经历难以忍受的热浪，这是全球变暖导致热应激以及现有人口健康问题不断加剧的结果。气候变化引起人体体温调节功能障碍，可能导致液体和电解质失衡，将人体从正常生理状态转变为扭曲的病理状态。随后，人体可能会因突然失去意识和健康缺陷而无法正常进行体温调节。可能会出现相关的脱水，导致肾脏损伤，甚至发展为急性肾损伤（AKI），随后发展为慢性肾脏病（CKD）。因此，我们不能否认 CKD 是主要的死亡原因，特别是对于长期存在心脏功能障碍、高血压、糖尿病和肥胖等医疗问题的患者，热应激性肾病（HSN）可能因此成为一个主要的健康问题。幸运的是，我们手中始终有一个充满希望的方法，那就是预防，这需要通过政府政策和人类意识来实现。本综述重点阐述了热应激、脱水及其病理、分子紊乱的惊人后果，并提出了预防热应激性肾病的建议。
