School of Health and Social Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
Maternity and Neonatal Psychological Interventions Team, NHSGGC, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Psychol Psychother. 2023 Jun;96(2):296-327. doi: 10.1111/papt.12441. Epub 2022 Dec 11.
Anxiety disorders are relatively common during pregnancy and the postnatal period. Despite their potential acceptability to users, psychological interventions research for this population is still in its infancy. The meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the evidence of the effectiveness of psychological interventions for reducing perinatal anxiety.
The review followed PRISMA guidelines. A total of 26 studies published between 2004 and 2022 fulfilled inclusion criteria of which 22 were included in the meta-analysis.
Results indicated that psychological interventions were more effective than control conditions in reducing symptoms of perinatal anxiety (equivalent to a medium post treatment effect size). Effect sizes were robust for cognitive, behavioural and mindfulness-based interventions. Targeting anxiety also appeared to impact on depression symptoms. There was substantial evidence of methodological heterogeneity.
This review demonstrates that psychological interventions are effective in reducing symptoms of both anxiety and comorbid anxiety and depression in both the antenatal and postnatal periods. Further research on longer-term effects, infant outcomes, treatment approach and modality are required.
焦虑障碍在妊娠和产后期间较为常见。尽管心理干预对使用者来说具有潜在的可接受性，但针对该人群的研究仍处于起步阶段。本荟萃分析旨在全面评估心理干预措施减少围产期焦虑的有效性证据。
本综述遵循 PRISMA 指南。共有 26 项发表于 2004 年至 2022 年之间的研究符合纳入标准，其中 22 项研究纳入荟萃分析。
结果表明，心理干预措施在减轻围产期焦虑症状方面比对照组更有效（相当于中等的治疗后效果大小）。认知、行为和正念为基础的干预措施的效果大小具有稳健性。针对焦虑也似乎对抑郁症状产生影响。方法学异质性的证据非常充分。
本综述表明，心理干预措施在减少产前和产后焦虑及焦虑和抑郁共病的症状方面是有效的。需要进一步研究干预措施的长期效果、婴儿结局、治疗方法和模式。
