Ayers Susan, Sinesi Andrea, Meade Rose, Cheyne Helen, Maxwell Margaret, Best Catherine, McNicol Stacey, Williams Louise R, Hutton Una, Howard Grace, Shakespeare Judy, Alderdice Fiona, Jomeen Julie
Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City, University of London, UK.
Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit, University of Stirling, UK.
BJPsych Open. 2024 Dec 13;11(1):e5. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2024.823.
Anxiety affects around one in five women during pregnancy and after birth. However, there is no systematic information on the proportion of women with perinatal anxiety disorders who want or receive treatment.
To examine (a) the prevalence of anxiety disorders during pregnancy and after birth in a population-based sample, and (b) the proportion of women with anxiety disorders who want treatment and receive treatment.
This study conducted 403 diagnostic interviews in early pregnancy ( = 102), mid-pregnancy ( = 99), late pregnancy ( = 102) or postpartum ( = 100). Participants also completed self-report measures of previous/current mental health problems and desire for treatment at every time point.
The prevalence of anxiety disorders over all time points combined was 19.9% (95% CI 16.1-24.1), with greatest prevalence in early pregnancy (25.5%, 95% CI 17.4-35.1). The most prevalent disorders were obsessive-compulsive disorder (8.2%, 95% CI 5.7-11.3) and generalised anxiety disorder (5.7%, 95% CI 3.7-8.4). The majority of women with anxiety disorders did not want professional help or treatment (79.8%). Most women with anxiety disorders who did want treatment (20.2%) were receiving treatment. The majority of participants with anxiety disorders had a history of mental health problems (64.6%).
Prevalence rates overall are consistent with previous research, lending validity to the findings. However, findings challenge the assumption that everyone with a psychological disorder wants treatment. These findings highlight the importance of relationship-based care, where individual needs and contextual barriers to treatment can be explored.
焦虑影响着约五分之一的孕期及产后女性。然而，对于患有围产期焦虑症且希望接受或正在接受治疗的女性比例，目前尚无系统性信息。
研究（a）基于人群样本的孕期及产后焦虑症患病率，以及（b）患有焦虑症且希望接受治疗和正在接受治疗的女性比例。
本研究在孕早期（n = 102）、孕中期（n = 99）、孕晚期（n = 102）或产后（n = 100）进行了403次诊断访谈。参与者在每个时间点还完成了关于既往/当前心理健康问题及治疗意愿的自我报告测量。
所有时间点综合的焦虑症患病率为19.9%（95%可信区间16.1 - 24.1），其中孕早期患病率最高（25.5%，95%可信区间17.4 - 35.1）。最常见的疾病是强迫症（8.2%，95%可信区间5.7 - 11.3）和广泛性焦虑症（5.7%，95%可信区间3.7 - 8.4）。大多数患有焦虑症的女性不希望获得专业帮助或治疗（79.8%）。大多数希望接受治疗的患有焦虑症的女性（20.2%）正在接受治疗。大多数患有焦虑症的参与者有心理健康问题史（64.6%）。
总体患病率与先前研究一致，这为研究结果提供了有效性支持。然而，研究结果挑战了“每个患有心理障碍的人都希望接受治疗”这一假设。这些发现凸显了基于关系的护理的重要性，即可以探索个体需求和治疗的情境障碍。
