Li Xinchen, Wu Jian, Yi Fei, Lai Jinsheng, Chen Jian
State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Plant Mol Biol. 2023 Feb;111(3):233-248. doi: 10.1007/s11103-022-01318-0. Epub 2022 Dec 12.
Here we provided a high temporal-resolution transcriptome atlas of maize embryo sac and ovule to reveal the gene activity dynamic during early seed development. The early maize (Zea mays) seed development is initiated from double fertilization in the embryo sac and needs to undergo a highly dynamic and complex development process to form the differentiated embryo and endosperm. Despite the importance of maize seed for food, feed, and biofuel, many regulators responsible for controlling its early development are not known yet. Here, we reported a high temporal-resolution transcriptome atlas of embryo sac and ovule based on 44 time point samples collected within the first four days of seed development. A total of 25,187 genes including 1598 transcription factors (TFs) involved in early seed development were detected. Global comparisons of the expressions of these genes revealed five distinct development stages of early seed, which are mainly related to double fertilization, asymmetric cell division of the zygote, as well as coenocyte formation, cellularization and differentiation in endosperm. We identified 3327 seed-specific genes, which more than one thousand seed-specific genes with main expressions during early seed development were newly identified here, including 859 and 186 genes predominantly expressed in the embryo sac and ovule, respectively. Combined with the published transcriptome data of seed, we uncovered the dominant auxin biosynthesis, transport and signaling related genes at different development stages and subregions of seed. These results are helpful for understanding the genetic control of early seed development.
在此，我们提供了一份玉米胚囊和胚珠的高时间分辨率转录组图谱，以揭示种子早期发育过程中的基因活性动态。玉米种子的早期发育始于胚囊中的双受精，需要经历一个高度动态且复杂的发育过程，以形成分化的胚和胚乳。尽管玉米种子在食品、饲料和生物燃料方面具有重要意义，但许多负责调控其早期发育的调节因子仍不为人知。在此，我们报告了一份基于种子发育前四天内收集的44个时间点样本的胚囊和胚珠的高时间分辨率转录组图谱。共检测到25187个基因，其中包括1598个参与种子早期发育的转录因子（TFs）。对这些基因表达的全局比较揭示了种子早期的五个不同发育阶段，它们主要与双受精、合子的不对称细胞分裂以及胚乳中的多核体形成、细胞化和分化有关。我们鉴定出3327个种子特异性基因，在此新鉴定出一千多个在种子早期发育过程中主要表达的种子特异性基因，其中分别有859个和186个基因主要在胚囊和胚珠中表达。结合已发表的种子转录组数据，我们揭示了种子不同发育阶段和亚区域中与生长素生物合成、运输和信号传导相关的主要基因。这些结果有助于理解种子早期发育的遗传控制。
