McGlothen-Bell Kelly, McGrath Jacqueline M, Brownell Elizabeth A, Shlafer Rebecca J, Crawford Allison D
Nurs Res. 2023;72(2):132-140. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000639. Epub 2022 Dec 9.
Historically, childbearing women from diverse and systematically hard-to-reach populations have been excluded from nursing research. This practice limits the generalizability of findings. Maximizing research strategies to meet the unique needs of these populations must be a priority.
The aim of this study was to provide methodological context for the comprehensive application of reproductive justice strategies to guide research methods and promote engagement of underrepresented childbearing women while decreasing systemic bias.
In this article, we use a reproductive justice lens to characterize and define strategies for enhancing ethical and equitable engagement in research involving childbearing women who are often systematically underrepresented using a case study approach. Using a specific case study exemplar, the core tenets of reproductive justice are outlined and affirm the need to advance research strategies that create ethical engagement of diverse populations, transform oppressive social structures, and shift research paradigms so research objectives intentionally highlight the strengths and resiliency inherent to the targeted communities.
We begin by describing parallels between the tenets of reproductive justice and the ethical principles of research (i.e., respect for persons, beneficence, and justice). We then apply these tenets to conceptualization, implementation (recruitment, data management, and retention), and dissemination of research conducted with childbearing women from diverse backgrounds who are systemically underrepresented. We highlight our successful research strategies from our case study example of women with histories of incarceration.
To date, outcomes from our research indicate the need for multilevel strategies with a focus on respectful, inclusive participant and key community partner engagement; the time investment in local communities to promote equitable collaboration; encouragement of the patient's autonomous right to self-determination; and mitigation of power imbalances. Nurse researchers are well positioned to advance research justice at the intersection of reproductive justice and ethics to fully engage diverse populations in advancing health equity to support the best health outcomes.
从历史上看，来自不同且系统性难以触及人群的育龄妇女被排除在护理研究之外。这种做法限制了研究结果的普遍性。将研究策略最大化以满足这些人群的独特需求必须成为优先事项。
本研究的目的是提供方法背景，以便全面应用生殖正义策略来指导研究方法，并促进代表性不足的育龄妇女的参与，同时减少系统性偏见。
在本文中，我们使用生殖正义视角，通过案例研究方法来描述和定义在涉及系统性代表性不足的育龄妇女的研究中加强道德和公平参与的策略。通过一个具体的案例研究范例，概述了生殖正义的核心原则，并肯定了推进研究策略的必要性，这些策略要实现不同人群的道德参与、改变压迫性社会结构以及转变研究范式，从而使研究目标有意突出目标社区固有的优势和复原力。
我们首先描述生殖正义原则与研究伦理原则（即尊重人、行善和公正）之间的相似之处。然后，我们将这些原则应用于概念化、实施（招募、数据管理和保留）以及对来自不同背景且系统性代表性不足的育龄妇女进行的研究的传播。我们从有监禁史妇女的案例研究示例中突出了我们成功的研究策略。
迄今为止，我们的研究结果表明需要采取多层次策略，重点是尊重、包容参与者和关键社区伙伴的参与；在当地社区投入时间以促进公平合作；鼓励患者的自主自决权；以及减轻权力不平衡。护士研究人员处于有利地位，可在生殖正义与伦理的交叉点推进研究正义，以使不同人群充分参与以促进健康公平，从而支持最佳健康结果。
