Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
BMC Oral Health. 2022 Dec 18;22(1):619. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02649-6.
Driven by population aging and the rapid urbanization in China, many migrant elderly following children (MEFC) moved to big cities to care for their grandchildren. The purpose of this study is to clarify the mediating effect of social support on the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and self-reported oral health status among the MEFC in Weifang, China.
Multistage cluster random sampling was used to select the participants and finally 613 MEFC were included in the survey. The Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and the Chinese version of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) scale were used for data collection. Descriptive analysis, Rao-Scott test, t-test and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted in this study.
Mean score of GOHAI of the MEFC was 54.95 ± 6.47. The SES of MEFC exerted positive direct effect both on social support (standardized coefficient = 0.15) and self-reported oral health status (standardized coefficient = 0.22); social support exerted positive direct effect on self-reported oral health status (standardized coefficient = 0.17). Social support partially mediated the association between SES and self-reported oral health status [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.003-0.064, P < 0.05], and the mediating effect of social support accounted for 12.0% of the total effect.
Higher GOHAI score of MEFC indicated their better self-reported oral health status. MEFCs' SES could exert positive effect both on social support and self-reported oral health status, while the mediating effect of social support between SES and self-reported oral health status of MEFC was established.
受中国人口老龄化和快速城市化的影响，许多随子女（MEFC）移居到大城市照顾孙辈的老年移民。本研究旨在阐明社会支持在中国潍坊的 MEFC 中，在社会经济地位（SES）与自我报告的口腔健康状况之间的关系中的中介作用。
采用多阶段聚类随机抽样的方法选择研究对象，最终调查了 613 名 MEFC。采用社会支持评定量表（SSRS）和中文版老年人口腔健康评估指数（GOHAI）量表进行数据收集。本研究进行了描述性分析、 Rao-Scott 检验、t 检验和结构方程模型（SEM）。
MEFC 的 GOHAI 平均得分为 54.95±6.47。MEFC 的 SES 对社会支持（标准化系数=0.15）和自我报告的口腔健康状况（标准化系数=0.22）均有正向直接影响；社会支持对自我报告的口腔健康状况有正向直接影响（标准化系数=0.17）。社会支持部分中介了 SES 与自我报告的口腔健康状况之间的关联[95%置信区间（CI）0.003-0.064，P<0.05]，社会支持的中介作用占总效应的 12.0%。
MEFC 的 GOHAI 得分越高，表明他们自我报告的口腔健康状况越好。MEFC 的 SES 对社会支持和自我报告的口腔健康状况均有正向影响，而社会支持在 SES 与 MEFC 自我报告的口腔健康状况之间的中介作用得到了确立。
