《盾之勇者成名录》。创伤后症状问卷（PTSQ）的编制及自尊对创伤相关焦虑和抑郁的保护作用评估
The Rising of the Shield hero. Development of the Post-Traumatic Symptom Questionnaire (PTSQ) and Assessment of the Protective Effect of self-esteem from trauma-related Anxiety and Depression.
作者信息
Rossi Alessandro Alberto, Panzeri Anna, Taccini Federica, Parola Anna, Mannarini Stefania
机构信息
Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Interdepartmental Center for Family Research, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
出版信息
J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2022 Dec 7;17(1):1-19. doi: 10.1007/s40653-022-00503-z.
BACKGROUND
Adverse life events such as life-threatening accidents, domestic and/or sexual violence, organic diseases (i.e., cancer), or COVID-19 can have a strong traumatic impact - generating reactions as intrusive thoughts, hyperarousal, and avoidance. Indeed, the traumatic impact of COVID-19 seems to lead individuals to experience anxiety and depression. However, the Anxiety-Buffer Hypothesis suggests that self-esteem could be considered a shield (buffer) against traumatic experiences and their outcomes (i.e., anxiety and depression). The present study has two objectives. First, to develop a measure of the impact of the traumatic event considering the aforementioned reactions. Second, to test the process - triggered by COVID19-related traumatic experience - in which self-esteem buffers the path that leads to anxiety and depression.
METHOD
In Study 1 ( = 353), the Post-Traumatic Symptom Questionnaire (PTSQ) was developed and a deep investigation of its psychometric properties was conducted. In Study 2 ( = 445), a structural equation model with latent variables was performed to assess the buffering effect of self-esteem.
RESULTS
The PTSQ has excellent fit indices and psychometric properties. According to the ABH, results confirm the buffering effect of self-esteem in the relationships between traumatic symptoms and both anxiety and depression.
CONCLUSION
On the one hand, the PTSQ is a solid and reliable instrument. On the other hand, that self-esteem is a protective factor against anxiety and depression related to a traumatic experience - such as COVID-19. Targeted psychological interventions should be implemented to minimize the psychological burden of the illness while promoting adaptation and positive aspects of oneself.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40653-022-00503-z.
背景
诸如危及生命的事故、家庭和/或性暴力、器质性疾病（如癌症）或新冠疫情等不良生活事件可能会产生强烈的创伤影响——引发侵入性思维、过度警觉和回避等反应。事实上，新冠疫情的创伤影响似乎会导致个体出现焦虑和抑郁。然而，焦虑缓冲假说表明，自尊可以被视为抵御创伤经历及其后果（即焦虑和抑郁）的盾牌。本研究有两个目标。第一，开发一种考虑上述反应的创伤事件影响的测量方法。第二，检验由新冠疫情相关创伤经历引发的过程，即自尊缓冲导致焦虑和抑郁的路径。
方法
在研究1（n = 353）中，编制了创伤后症状问卷（PTSQ），并对其心理测量特性进行了深入研究。在研究2（n = 445）中，进行了一个带有潜在变量的结构方程模型，以评估自尊的缓冲作用。
结果
PTSQ具有出色的拟合指数和心理测量特性。根据焦虑缓冲假说，结果证实了自尊在创伤症状与焦虑和抑郁之间关系中的缓冲作用。
结论
一方面，PTSQ是一个可靠且稳定的工具。另一方面，自尊是抵御与创伤经历（如新冠疫情）相关的焦虑和抑郁的保护因素。应实施有针对性的心理干预，以减轻疾病的心理负担，同时促进自身的适应和积极方面。
补充信息
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s40653-022-00503-z获取的补充材料。
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