Karpha Kankana, Biswas Jyotirmoy, Nath Siddhartha, Dhali Arkadeep, Sarkhel Sujit, Dhali Gopal Krishna
College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital, Kolkata, 700058, West Bengal, India.
Department of GI Surgery, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, 244 A. J. C. Bose Road, Kolkata, 700020, West Bengal, India.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Nov 18;84:104945. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104945. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Diabetes is one of the most common chronic disease in the world and its prevalence in India is rising day by day. Diabetic patients often suffer from depression and anxiety which has a negative impact on patients resulting in non-adherence to medication, rapid disease progression and overall poor prognosis. India is the land of diversity and so are the causes of depression and anxiety in the people from different parts of the country. The study done in the current population has revealed certain indicators of both depression and anxiety that were not significant in previous studies. These new findings point towards the changing scenario and the need for more precise steps for improving the quality of life of diabetics.
The study aims to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and anxiety among diabetic patients and the factors associated with them.
A prospective cohort study was conducted with 305 participants among which 152 were diabetic while 153 were non diabetic patients. Depression and anxiety of the patients was measured through PHQ-9 scale and GAD-7 scale respectively. Factors associated with prevalence of depression and anxiety in the diabetic population was analysed.
The prevalence of depressive symptoms (39.5% versus 12.4%) and anxiety (36.2% versus 14.4%) were significantly higher in diabetic patients as compared to non-diabetic participants. Low-income, urban residence, unmarried status, insulin therapy, presence of retinopathy, and ischemic heart disease were significantly associated with depression among diabetic group of patients. Similarly the major predictors of anxiety were marital status, literacy and diabetic complications like neuropathy, retinopathy and ischemic heart disease.
Our study shows depression and anxiety are highly prevalent among diabetic patients. All diabetic patients while seeking clinical contact should be screened for depression and anxiety especially those patients with predisposing risk factors.
糖尿病是世界上最常见的慢性病之一，其在印度的患病率正日益上升。糖尿病患者常伴有抑郁和焦虑，这对患者产生负面影响，导致不遵医嘱用药、疾病进展迅速以及总体预后不良。印度是一个多元化的国家，来自该国不同地区的人们出现抑郁和焦虑的原因也各不相同。当前针对这一人群的研究揭示了一些抑郁和焦虑的指标，而这些指标在以往研究中并不显著。这些新发现表明情况正在发生变化，需要采取更精准的措施来改善糖尿病患者的生活质量。
本研究旨在确定糖尿病患者中抑郁症状和焦虑的患病率及其相关因素。
进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，共有305名参与者，其中152名是糖尿病患者，153名是非糖尿病患者。分别通过PHQ - 9量表和GAD - 7量表测量患者的抑郁和焦虑情况。分析了糖尿病患者中与抑郁和焦虑患病率相关的因素。
与非糖尿病参与者相比，糖尿病患者的抑郁症状患病率（39.5%对12.4%）和焦虑患病率（36.2%对14.4%）显著更高。低收入、城市居住、未婚状态、胰岛素治疗、视网膜病变以及缺血性心脏病与糖尿病组患者的抑郁显著相关。同样，焦虑的主要预测因素包括婚姻状况、识字水平以及糖尿病并发症，如神经病变、视网膜病变和缺血性心脏病。
我们的研究表明，抑郁和焦虑在糖尿病患者中非常普遍。所有寻求临床诊治的糖尿病患者都应接受抑郁和焦虑筛查，尤其是那些具有易感风险因素的患者。
