评价 2 型糖尿病患者在后 COVID-19 大流行时代的口腔健康相关生活质量及其与心理健康状况的关系：来自沙特阿拉伯中部的一项研究。
Evaluation of oral health-related quality of life and its association with mental health status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era: A study from Central Saudi Arabia.
机构信息
Department of Community and Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia.
Health Care Delivery Department, Qassim Health Cluster, Buraidah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2023 Mar 24;11:1158979. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1158979. eCollection 2023.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The association between oral and mental health is reciprocal, in which poor oral health may lead to several mental health issues, especially among patients with diabetes. The present study evaluated oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) and its association with mental health conditions among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in central Saudi Arabia.
METHODS
The Arabic version of the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21) were used to assess the OHRQOL and mental health status of patients with diabetes. We utilized logistic regression analysis to identify the predictors of poor OHRQOL, and Spearman's correlation test to identify any correlations between OHIP-14 and overall DASS-21 scores, as well as each subscale.
RESULTS
Of the 677 patients included in the present study, 52.7% had a poor OHRQOL, which was significantly higher (positive association) among patients with a longer duration of diabetes (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.31; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.96-4.17) and those who did not periodically monitor their oral health (AOR = 2.85; 95% CI = 1.76-3.89). Some forms (mild, moderate, severe, or extremely severe) of depression, anxiety, and stress were observed in 59.7, 71.1, and 67.1% of the participants, respectively. Furthermore, we found that the total OHRQOL scores had a significant positive association with depression (AOR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.34-3.71, = 0.001), anxiety (AOR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.22-2.79, = 0.003), and stress (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.14-2.19, = 0.026).
CONCLUSION
The results of the present study suggest the importance of appropriate and targeted health education programs for T2DM patients to ensure periodic dental examinations and oral health. Additionally, we recommend counseling sessions for all T2DM patients with trained healthcare providers to improve their mental health status during follow-up visits at outpatient diabetes care centers.
背景与目的
口腔健康与心理健康之间存在相互关联，其中口腔健康不良可能导致多种心理健康问题，尤其是在糖尿病患者中。本研究评估了沙特阿拉伯中部地区 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者的口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQOL）及其与心理健康状况之间的关系。
方法
采用阿拉伯文版口腔健康影响量表-14 项（OHIP-14）问卷和抑郁、焦虑和压力量表-21 项（DASS-21）评估糖尿病患者的 OHRQOL 和心理健康状况。我们利用逻辑回归分析来确定 OHRQOL 不良的预测因素，并采用 Spearman 相关检验来确定 OHIP-14 与总体 DASS-21 评分以及各分量表之间的相关性。
结果
本研究纳入了 677 例患者，其中 52.7%的患者 OHRQOL 较差，且糖尿病病程较长（调整后的优势比 [AOR] = 3.31；95%置信区间 [CI] = 1.96-4.17）和不定期监测口腔健康（AOR = 2.85；95%CI = 1.76-3.89）的患者中，这一比例显著更高（呈正相关）。研究参与者中分别有 59.7%、71.1%和 67.1%的人存在轻度、中度、重度或极重度抑郁、焦虑和压力。此外，我们发现，总体 OHRQOL 评分与抑郁（AOR = 2.32，95%CI = 1.34-3.71， = 0.001）、焦虑（AOR = 1.81，95%CI = 1.22-2.79， = 0.003）和压力（AOR = 1.43，95%CI = 1.14-2.19， = 0.026）呈显著正相关。
结论
本研究结果表明，需要为 T2DM 患者提供适当且有针对性的健康教育计划，以确保定期进行牙科检查和口腔健康。此外，我们建议在门诊糖尿病护理中心的随访期间，为所有接受过培训的 T2DM 患者提供咨询服务，以改善他们的心理健康状况。
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