Benarous X, Brocheton C, Bonnay C, Boissel L, Crovetto C, Lahaye H, Guilé J-M, Theret P, Gondry J, Foulon A
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Amiens University Hospital, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Site Sud, 80054 Amiens, France.
INSERM Unit U1105 Research Group for Analysis of the Multimodal Cerebral Function, University of Picardy Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France.
Neuropsychiatr Enfance Adolesc. 2023 Jan;71(1):44-51. doi: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2022.12.001. Epub 2022 Dec 16.
This study aims to determine the rates of clinically-significant anxiety and depressive symptoms during the immediate postpartum in a sample of women referred to a university maternity department, as well as the associated risk factors and the relations with the level of maternal bonding.
During the third national lockdown for the COVID-19 pandemic (February-April 2021), on days 2-3 after delivery 127 mothers were administrated the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS), the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI-YA), the mother-to-infant bonding scale (MIBS) and questions issued from the coronavirus health impact survey questionnaire (CRISIS).
The rate of perinatal clinically-significant symptoms were 17% for depression (EPDS cut-off ≥ 12) and 15% for anxiety (STAI-YA cut-off ≥ 40). In the multivariate analysis, being a single mother, risk of being infected by the SARS-CoV2, risk that a close relative might be infected by the SARS-CoV2 and the length of stay in maternity were associated with an increased EPDS total score, while breastfeeding was associated with a lower EPDS total score. Six variables remained positively associated with the STAI-YA total score in the multivariate model: the maternal level of academic achievement, a hospitalization during the pregnancy, peripartum medical complications, risk of being infected by the SARS-CoV2, risk of a close relative being infected by the SARS-CoV2 and physical fatigue. Low but statistically significant correlations were found between the MIBS total score and the EPDS total score ( = 0.26) and with the STAI-YA total score ( = 0.26).
The observed rates of anxiety and depressive symptoms were in the same range as those reported in observational studies conducted in high-resource countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Risk of being infected by the SARS-CoV2 was both an independent risk factor for anxiety and depressive symptoms. The relations between the measure of maternal bonding and the severity of maternal emotional symptoms call for a better consideration of the long-term consequences of the pandemic on children's socio-emotional development.
本研究旨在确定转诊至大学妇产科的一组女性产后即刻出现具有临床意义的焦虑和抑郁症状的发生率，以及相关危险因素和与母婴联结水平的关系。
在2021年2月至4月新冠疫情第三次全国封锁期间，127名母亲在产后第2至3天接受了爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）、状态-特质焦虑问卷（STAI-YA）、母婴联结量表（MIBS）以及新冠病毒健康影响调查问卷（CRISIS）中的问题调查。
围产期具有临床意义的症状发生率为：抑郁（EPDS临界值≥12）为17%，焦虑（STAI-YA临界值≥40）为15%。多因素分析中，单身母亲、感染新冠病毒的风险、近亲感染新冠病毒的风险以及在妇产科的住院时间与EPDS总分升高相关，而母乳喂养与EPDS总分降低相关。多因素模型中有六个变量与STAI-YA总分呈正相关：母亲的学术成就水平、孕期住院、围产期医疗并发症、感染新冠病毒的风险、近亲感染新冠病毒的风险以及身体疲劳。MIBS总分与EPDS总分（r = 0.26）以及与STAI-YA总分（r = 0.26）之间存在低但具有统计学意义的相关性。
观察到的焦虑和抑郁症状发生率与新冠疫情期间在资源丰富国家进行的观察性研究报告的发生率处于同一范围。感染新冠病毒的风险是焦虑和抑郁症状的独立危险因素。母婴联结测量与母亲情绪症状严重程度之间的关系需要更好地考虑疫情对儿童社会情感发展的长期影响。
