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妈妈们情况不佳:新冠疫情与孕产妇心理健康

Moms Are Not OK: COVID-19 and Maternal Mental Health.

作者信息

Davenport Margie H, Meyer Sarah, Meah Victoria L, Strynadka Morgan C, Khurana Rshmi

机构信息

Program for Pregnancy and Postpartum Health, Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

出版信息

Front Glob Womens Health. 2020 Jun 19;1:1. doi: 10.3389/fgwh.2020.00001. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Depression and anxiety affect one in seven women during the perinatal period, and are associated with increased risk of preterm delivery, reduced mother-infant bonding, and delays in cognitive/emotional development of the infant. With this survey we aimed to rapidly assess the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent physical distancing/isolation measures on the mental health and physical activity of pregnant and postpartum women. Between April 14 and May 8, 2020, we recruited women who were pregnant or within the first year after delivery to participate in an online survey. This included questionnaires on self-reported levels of depression/depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Survey; EPDS), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; STAI-State), and physical activity. Current and pre-pandemic values were assessed for each. Of 900 eligible women, 520 (58%) were pregnant and 380 (42%) were in the first year after delivery. Sixty-four percent of women reported reduced physical activity with the onset of isolation measures, while 15% increased, and 21% had no change to their physical activity. An EPDS score >13 (indicative of depression) was self-identified in 15% of respondents pre-pandemic and in 40.7% currently (mean ± SD; 7.5 ± 4.9 vs. 11.2 ± 6.3, respectively; < 0.01, moderate effect). Moderate to high anxiety (STAI-state score >40) was identified in 29% of women before the pandemic (mean STAI = 34.5 ± 11.4) vs. 72% of women currently (mean STAI = 48.1 ± 13.6; < 0.01, large effect). However, women engaging in at least 150 min of moderate intensity physical activity (meeting current guidelines) during the pandemic had significantly lower scores for both anxiety and depression than those who did not ( < 0.01, large and small effect, respectively). This rapid response survey identifies a substantial increase in the likelihood of maternal depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. This highlights the strong need for heightened assessment and treatment of maternal mental health. However, these data also suggest that physical activity, which has previously been shown to reduce depression and depressive symptoms in pregnancy, may be associated with better mental health during the pandemic.

摘要

在围产期,七分之一的女性会受到抑郁和焦虑的影响,且这些症状与早产风险增加、母婴情感联结减少以及婴儿认知/情感发育延迟有关。通过本次调查,我们旨在快速评估2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行及随后的物理距离/隔离措施对孕妇和产后女性心理健康及身体活动的影响。在2020年4月14日至5月8日期间,我们招募了处于孕期或产后一年内的女性参与一项在线调查。这包括关于自我报告的抑郁/抑郁症状水平(爱丁堡产后抑郁量表;EPDS)、焦虑(状态-特质焦虑问卷;STAI-状态)和身体活动情况的问卷。对每一项都评估了当前值和大流行前的值。在900名符合条件的女性中,520名(58%)为孕妇,380名(42%)处于产后第一年。64%的女性报告称随着隔离措施的开始身体活动减少,15%的女性身体活动增加,21%的女性身体活动没有变化。在大流行前,15%的受访者自我认定EPDS得分>13(表明有抑郁),目前这一比例为40.7%(均值±标准差;分别为7.5±4.9和11.2±6.3;<0.01,中等效应)。在大流行前,29%的女性被认定有中度至高度焦虑(STAI-状态得分>40)(平均STAI = 34.5±11.4),而目前这一比例为72%的女性(平均STAI = 48.1±13.6;<0.01,大效应)。然而,在大流行期间进行至少150分钟中等强度身体活动(符合当前指南)的女性,其焦虑和抑郁得分显著低于未进行此类活动的女性(分别为<0.01,大效应和小效应)。这项快速反应调查发现,在COVID-19大流行期间,母亲抑郁和焦虑的可能性大幅增加。这凸显了对孕产妇心理健康进行强化评估和治疗的强烈需求。然而,这些数据也表明,此前已证明身体活动可减少孕期抑郁和抑郁症状,在大流行期间可能与更好的心理健康相关。

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