淡水纤毛虫中甾醇的化学防御
Chemical Defence by Sterols in the Freshwater Ciliate .
作者信息
Buonanno Federico, Trenti Francesco, Achille Gabriele, Vallesi Adriana, Guella Graziano, Ortenzi Claudio
机构信息
Laboratory of Protistology and Biology Education, Department of Education, Cultural Heritage, Tourism (ECHT), University of Macerata, 62100 Macerata, Italy.
Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Trento, 38050 Trento, Italy.
出版信息
Biology (Basel). 2022 Nov 30;11(12):1749. doi: 10.3390/biology11121749.
Heterotrich ciliates typically retain toxic substances in specialized ejectable organelles, called extrusomes, which are used in predator-prey interactions. In this study, we analysed the chemical defence strategy of the freshwater heterotrich ciliate against the predatory ciliate , and the microturbellarian flatworm . The results showed that is able to defend itself against these two predators by deploying a mix of bioactive sterols contained in its extrusomes. Sterols were isolated in vivo and characterized by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), as ergosterol, 7-dehydroporiferasterol, and their two peroxidized analogues. The assessment of the toxicity of ergosterol and ergosterol peroxide against various organisms, indicated that these sterols are essential for the effectiveness of the chemical defence in
异毛纲纤毛虫通常将有毒物质保留在称为刺丝泡的特殊可排出细胞器中，这些细胞器用于捕食者与猎物的相互作用。在本研究中，我们分析了淡水异毛纲纤毛虫对捕食性纤毛虫和涡虫纲扁形虫的化学防御策略。结果表明，[纤毛虫名称]能够通过在其刺丝泡中部署多种生物活性甾醇来抵御这两种捕食者。甾醇在体内被分离出来，并通过液相色谱 - 质谱联用（LC - MS）和核磁共振（NMR）表征为麦角甾醇、7 - 脱氢海绵甾醇及其两种过氧化类似物。对麦角甾醇和麦角甾醇过氧化物对各种生物体毒性的评估表明，这些甾醇对于[纤毛虫名称]化学防御的有效性至关重要。
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