Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal.
Laboratory of Sport Psychology, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-688 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 14;19(24):16778. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416778.
The Ageing Attitudes Questionnaire-AAQ was validated for the Portuguese population to understand the importance of attitudes towards old age and their impact on the subjective well-being of older adults. A sample of 400 subjects (from 18 to 93 years) answered a socio-demographic questionnaire, and the AAQ, composed of three subscales (psychosocial losses, physical change, and psychological growth). The CFA confirmed the tri-factorial structure with very good adjustment of the model to the data, with the Cronbach alpha of the total scale scoring 0.84 and ranging from 0.65 to 0.77 for each factor. A total of nine items were omitted for poor factor loadings (<0.50), namely in factor 1 items 9-17-20, in factor 2 items 7 and 24 and, finally, in factor 3 we omitted items 4-18-19-21. Notwithstanding, three items below the criteria were maintained, as they conceptually fit into the factor. Of the final 15 AAQ items, 5 belong to the Psychosocial Loss Factor, 6 to Physical Change Factor, and 4 to Psychosocial Growth Factor. This tree factor model explained 50.1% of the total variance. In conclusion, this study supports that AAQ has acceptable validity, confirming the composite reliability and the discriminant validity, but not the convergent validity. Through multi-group analysis, the invariance of the scale was confirmed. This validation is of pivotal importance once it allows measuring attitudes towards ageing in the Portuguese population, thus facilitating the prevention of ageism and the promotion of well-being across the lifespan.
《老化态度问卷-AAQ》已针对葡萄牙人群进行验证，以了解对老年的态度的重要性及其对老年人主观幸福感的影响。一个由 400 名受试者（年龄在 18 至 93 岁之间）组成的样本回答了一份社会人口学问卷和 AAQ，该问卷由三个分量表组成（心理社会损失、身体变化和心理成长）。CFA 证实了三因素结构，模型对数据的调整非常好，总量表的 Cronbach alpha 评分为 0.84，每个因子的范围为 0.65 至 0.77。共有 9 个项目因因子负荷（<0.50）较差而被删除，即因子 1 中的项目 9-17-20、因子 2 中的项目 7 和 24，最后，在因子 3 中，我们删除了项目 4-18-19-21。尽管如此，我们还是保留了三个低于标准的项目，因为它们在概念上符合该因子。在最终的 15 个 AAQ 项目中，5 个属于心理社会损失因子，6 个属于身体变化因子，4 个属于心理社会成长因子。这个三因素模型解释了总方差的 50.1%。总之，本研究支持 AAQ 具有可接受的有效性，证实了组合可靠性和判别有效性，但没有证实收敛有效性。通过多组分析，证实了该量表的不变性。这种验证非常重要，因为它允许在葡萄牙人群中测量对衰老的态度，从而促进整个生命周期内的反年龄歧视和幸福感的提升。
