Zhang Qile, Liang Hualiang, Xu Pao, Xu Gangchun, Zhang Lu, Wang Yongli, Ren Mingchun, Chen Xiaoru
Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China.
Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
Metabolites. 2022 Dec 8;12(12):1233. doi: 10.3390/metabo12121233.
This study appraised the impact of enzymatic cottonseed protein concentrate (ECP) as a fish meal (FM) substitute on the growth and health of largemouth bass () (initial weight 14.99 ± 0.03 g). Five diets with equal nitrogen, fat, and energy were designed to replace 0%, 7.78%, 15.56%, 23.33%, and 31.11% FM by adding 0%, 3.6%, 7.2%, 10.8%, and 14.4% ECP, named ECP0, ECP3.6, ECP7.2, ECP10.8, and ECP14.4, respectively. We fed 300 fish with five experimental diets for 60 days. The results revealed that weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) did not notably reduce until the addition of ECP exceeded 7.2%. The proximate composition of fish was not affected by the amount of ECP added in diets. Plasma total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations increased with the increase of ECP dosage, while the triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity showed an opposite trend. For hepatic antioxidant capacity, the hepatic total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH) content, and the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and CAT were increased by ECP, while the hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the expression of kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) were decreased. With regard to inflammation, the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were inhibited by ECP. In summary, the amount of ECP added to diet can reach 7.2% to replace 15.56% FM without hampering the growth of largemouth bass, and ECP can improve the antioxidant and immune capacity.
本研究评估了酶解棉籽浓缩蛋白（ECP）作为鱼粉（FM）替代品对大口黑鲈（初始体重14.99±0.03克）生长和健康的影响。设计了五种氮、脂肪和能量含量相等的饲料，通过添加0%、3.6%、7.2%、10.8%和14.4%的ECP分别替代0%、7.78%、15.56%、23.33%和31.11%的鱼粉，分别命名为ECP0、ECP3.6、ECP7.2、ECP10.8和ECP14.4。我们用五种实验饲料喂养300尾鱼，为期60天。结果显示，直到ECP添加量超过7.2%，增重率（WGR）和特定生长率（SGR）才显著降低。鱼的常规成分不受饲料中ECP添加量的影响。血浆总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）浓度随着ECP剂量的增加而升高，而甘油三酯（TG）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）浓度以及碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性则呈现相反趋势。对于肝脏抗氧化能力，肝脏总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性、谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量以及核因子红细胞2相关因子2（Nrf2）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和CAT的表达均因ECP而增加，而肝脏丙二醛（MDA）含量和kelch样ECH相关蛋白1（Keap1）的表达则降低。关于炎症，核因子κB（NF-κB）白细胞介素-8（IL-8）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的表达受到ECP的抑制。综上所述，饲料中添加ECP的量可达7.2%以替代15.56%的鱼粉，而不会妨碍大口黑鲈的生长，并且ECP可以提高抗氧化和免疫能力。
