Zhu Yongqiang, Zhao Yu, Hou Lijun, Zhang Pingxia
School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China.
Micromachines (Basel). 2022 Nov 23;13(12):2053. doi: 10.3390/mi13122053.
In recent years, environmental problems caused by natural disasters due to global warming have seriously affected human production and life. Fortunately, with the rapid rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology and the decreasing power consumption of microelectronic devices, it is possible to set up a multi-node environmental monitoring system. However, regular replacement of conventional chemical batteries for the huge number of microelectronic devices still faces great challenges, especially in remote areas. In this study, we developed a rotating hybrid nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting. Using the output characteristics of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with low frequency and high voltage and electromagnetic generator (EMG) with high frequency and high current, we are able to effectively broaden the output voltage range while shortening the capacitor voltage rising time, thus obtaining energy harvesting at wide frequency wind speed. The TENG adopts the flexible contact method of arch-shaped film to solve the problem of insufficient flexible contact and the short service life of the rotating triboelectric generator. After 80,000 cycles of TENG operation, the maximum output voltage drops by 7.9%, which can maintain a good and stable output. Through experimental tests, the maximum output power of this triboelectric nanogenerator is 0.55 mW at 400 rpm (wind speed of about 8.3 m/s) and TENG part at an external load of 5 MΩ. The maximum output power of the EMG part is 15.5 mW at an external load of 360 Ω. The hybrid nanogenerator can continuously supply power to the anemometer after running for 9 s and 35 s under the simulated wind speed of 8.3 m/s and natural wind speed of 5.6 m/s, respectively. It provides a reference value for solving the power supply problem of low-power environmental monitoring equipment.
近年来，全球变暖引发的自然灾害所导致的环境问题严重影响了人类的生产生活。幸运的是，随着物联网（IoT）技术的迅速崛起以及微电子设备功耗的降低，建立一个多节点环境监测系统成为可能。然而，为大量微电子设备定期更换传统化学电池仍面临巨大挑战，尤其是在偏远地区。在本研究中，我们开发了一种用于风能采集的旋转混合纳米发电机。利用低频高压的摩擦纳米发电机（TENG）和高频高电流的电磁发电机（EMG）的输出特性，我们能够有效拓宽输出电压范围，同时缩短电容器电压上升时间，从而在宽频率风速下实现能量采集。TENG采用拱形薄膜的柔性接触方式，解决了旋转摩擦发电机柔性接触不足和使用寿命短的问题。在TENG运行80000次循环后，最大输出电压下降7.9%，仍能保持良好稳定的输出。通过实验测试，该摩擦纳米发电机在400 rpm（风速约8.3 m/s）、外部负载为5 MΩ时，TENG部分的最大输出功率为0.55 mW。EMG部分在外部负载为360 Ω时的最大输出功率为15.5 mW。该混合纳米发电机在模拟风速8.3 m/s和自然风速5.6 m/s下分别运行9 s和35 s后，可为风速计持续供电。它为解决低功耗环境监测设备的供电问题提供了参考价值。
