Gu Yin-Yu, Zhang Hai-Yang, Liang Xiao-Yan, Fu Rao, Li Meng, Chen Chuan-Jie
Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 264002, China.
Microorganisms. 2022 Nov 22;10(12):2310. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10122310.
Biochar and bioorganic fertilizers (BOF) that are used in agriculture can, both directly and indirectly, impact rhizosphere soil microorganisms. However, changes to the halophyte rhizosphere bacterial community after applying biochar and BOF to saline−alkali soil have not been thoroughly described. This study has investigated the bacterial communities of halophytes in saline−alkali soil through the addition of different biochar and BOF formulas using Illumina-based sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragment. B_BOF (biochar and BOF combined application) had the best effect, either by promoting the plant growth or by improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil. The concentration of the rhizosphere bacterial communities correlated with the changes in soil organic matter (OM) and organic carbon (OC). Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria accounted for >80% of the total bacteria in each treatment. In addition, the abundance of Micromonospora was much higher in response to B_BOF than to the other treatments. BOF, with or without biochar, significantly influenced the bacterial community composition in the saline−alkali soil. The OC, OM, total nitrogen, and the available phosphorus had significant effects on the bacterial structure of this soil. The complex correlation of the bacterial communities between CK and B_BOF was higher compared to that between CK and FB or between CK and BOF. These findings suggested that the plant growth, the soil characteristics, and the diversity or community composition of the rhizosphere bacteria in saline−alkali soil were significantly influenced by B_BOF, followed by BOF, and then biochar; fine biochar had a stronger effect than medium or coarse biochar. This study provides an insight into the complex microbial compositions that emerge in response to biochar and BOF.
农业中使用的生物炭和生物有机肥（BOF）可直接或间接影响根际土壤微生物。然而，在盐碱土中施用生物炭和BOF后，盐生植物根际细菌群落的变化尚未得到充分描述。本研究通过添加不同的生物炭和BOF配方，利用基于Illumina的16S rRNA基因片段测序，研究了盐碱土中盐生植物的细菌群落。生物炭与生物有机肥联合施用（B_BOF）效果最佳，既能促进植物生长，又能改善土壤理化性质。根际细菌群落浓度与土壤有机质（OM）和有机碳（OC）变化相关。变形菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门和酸杆菌门在各处理中占细菌总数的80%以上。此外，与其他处理相比，微小单孢菌对B_BOF处理的丰度要高得多。无论是否添加生物炭，BOF都对盐碱土中的细菌群落组成有显著影响。OC、OM、全氮和有效磷对该土壤的细菌结构有显著影响。与CK和FB或CK和BOF之间相比，CK和B_BOF之间细菌群落的复杂相关性更高。这些发现表明，盐碱土中植物生长、土壤特性以及根际细菌的多样性或群落组成受B_BOF影响最大，其次是BOF，然后是生物炭；细生物炭的效果比中粗生物炭更强。本研究深入了解了生物炭和BOF作用下出现的复杂微生物组成。
