Cozzolino Alessia, Adamo Paola, Bonanomi Giuliano, Motti Riccardo
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Italy.
Interdepartmental Research Centre on the 'Earth Critical Zone' for Supporting the Landscape and Agroenvironment Management (CRISP), University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Dec 8;11(24):3429. doi: 10.3390/plants11243429.
Biodeterioration is defined as the alteration of a given substrate due to a combination of physical and chemical factors produced by living organisms when attached to such materials. This phenomenon attracts scientific research attention due to its risk in causing destruction to outdoor cultural rock heritage sites. In this review, an update on the state-of-art regarding the biodeterioration phenomenon is represented in order to highlight the type of colonizing vegetation and possible mechanisms behind the corresponding deterioration. For this reason, 62 articles with a focus on lichens, mosses, and higher plants were investigated by evaluating the role of construction materials and different plant species related to the hazard index. The results showed that trees and shrubs are the most harmful plant life forms, for example, , , and , while regarding building materials, those characterized by high porosity, such as andesite and argillaceous limestone, are more vulnerable to plant colonization. Further studies are needed to examine in detail the relationship between colonizing organisms, intrinsic elements of the substrate, and external factors, as well as the refinement of measures to prevent and control colonization by plants.
生物劣化被定义为当附着于特定材料时，由于生物体产生的物理和化学因素的综合作用而导致给定基质的改变。这种现象因其对户外文化岩石遗产地造成破坏的风险而引起了科学研究的关注。在本综述中，介绍了有关生物劣化现象的最新研究状况，以突出定居植被的类型以及相应劣化背后的可能机制。因此，通过评估建筑材料和与危害指数相关的不同植物物种的作用，对62篇聚焦地衣、苔藓和高等植物的文章进行了研究。结果表明，树木和灌木是最具危害性的植物生命形式，例如 、 和 ，而对于建筑材料来说，那些具有高孔隙率的材料，如安山岩和泥质石灰岩，更容易受到植物定植的影响。需要进一步研究，以详细考察定居生物、基质的内在因素和外部因素之间的关系，以及完善预防和控制植物定植的措施。
