Lin Jia-Yu, Li Bang-Jiang, Cheng Cai, Zhang Yuan-Dong, Gao Min, Long Ming-Zhong
College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China.
Guizhou Engineering Geological Hazard Prevention Engineering Research Center, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2021 Aug;32(8):3023-3030. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202108.039.
Stone buildings exposed to natural environment inevitably subject to various factors. Among which, biodeterioration caused by bacteria, fungi, algae, lichen, and moss is widespread. The long-term cumulative effect of biodeterioration will lead to irreversible changes in the aesthetic characteristics, physical and chemical properties of stone buildings. Therefore, it is necessary to control the biodeterioration of stone buildings. Here, we summarized four traditional methods including heat shock treatments, laser and ultraviolet radiation, application of biocides, and presented typical examples. We analyzed several emerging techniques, such as synergistic effect of physical and chemical methods, plant extracts and nanomaterials biocides, and reviewed their advantages, disadvantages as well as applicability. Aiming to provide a reference for the research of biodeterioration prevention and conservation of stone buildings, we discussed the preventive methods for biodeterioration of stone building and the assessment methods to test the effects of such methods, and prospected the future research direction.
暴露于自然环境中的石质建筑不可避免地会受到各种因素的影响。其中，由细菌、真菌、藻类、地衣和苔藓引起的生物劣化现象普遍存在。生物劣化的长期累积效应将导致石质建筑的美学特征、物理和化学性质发生不可逆转的变化。因此，有必要控制石质建筑的生物劣化。在此，我们总结了包括热休克处理、激光和紫外线辐射、杀菌剂应用在内的四种传统方法，并给出了典型实例。我们分析了几种新兴技术，如物理和化学方法的协同效应、植物提取物和纳米材料杀菌剂，并综述了它们的优缺点以及适用性。为了为石质建筑生物劣化预防与保护研究提供参考，我们讨论了石质建筑生物劣化的预防方法以及测试这些方法效果的评估方法，并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。
