巴西及其地区甲型肝炎急性发病的时间趋势。

Temporal Trends of Acute Hepatitis A in Brazil and Its Regions.

机构信息

Infectious Diseases Division, Hospital São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil.

Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil.

出版信息

Viruses. 2022 Dec 8;14(12):2737. doi: 10.3390/v14122737.

DOI:10.3390/v14122737

PMID:36560740

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9784953/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Hepatitis A is responsible for 126,000,000 cases of acute viral hepatitis distributed heterogeneously worldwide, with a high disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rate, especially in low-income countries. Data related to Hepatitis A provides information to improve control measures and identify the population at risk. This study aims to analyze temporal trends of Hepatitis A in Brazil and its regions from 2007 to 2018, based on official notification data.

METHODS

Data related to Hepatitis A reported cases from 2007 to 2018 were fitted to a joinpoint model by Brazilian regions, age groups, and gender, allowing the calculation of average annual percentage change (AAPC) and annual percentage change (APC) to estimate trends of Hepatitis A in Brazil.

FINDINGS

From 2007 to 2018, 65,284 Hepatitis A cases notified in Brazil were available for analysis. The Northeast Region reported 18,732 (28.69%) cases, followed by the North Region reporting 18,430 (28.23%), the Southeast Region reporting 14,073 (21.55%), the South Region reporting 7909 (12.11%), and the Central-West Region reporting 6140 (9.4%), respectively. Temporal trend analysis showed that Hepatitis A incidence decreased from 2007 to 2016 in all Brazilian regions for individuals less than 20 years old, but increased in the South and Southeast males between 10 and 39 years after 2016.

CONCLUSIONS

Hepatitis A endemicity is heterogeneous among Brazilian regions. In addition, an unexpected outbreak of HAV among Southeast and South adult males in 2016 resembles the outbreak in Europe, revealing a vulnerable population that should be prioritized by vaccination programs and control measures.

摘要

背景

甲型肝炎在全球范围内导致 1.26 亿例急性病毒性肝炎，具有较高的伤残调整生命年（DALY）率，特别是在低收入国家。甲型肝炎相关数据提供了改善控制措施和确定高危人群的信息。本研究旨在根据官方通报数据，分析 2007 年至 2018 年巴西及其地区甲型肝炎的时间趋势。

方法

通过巴西各地区、年龄组和性别拟合 2007 年至 2018 年报告的甲型肝炎病例相关数据，计算平均年变化百分比（AAPC）和年变化百分比（APC），以评估巴西甲型肝炎的趋势。

结果

2007 年至 2018 年，巴西共通报 65284 例甲型肝炎病例。报告病例数最多的是东北部地区（28.69%），为 18732 例，其次是北部地区（28.23%），为 18430 例，东南部地区（21.55%），为 14073 例，南部地区（12.11%），为 7909 例，中西部地区（9.4%），为 6140 例。时间趋势分析显示，巴西所有地区 20 岁以下人群的甲型肝炎发病率从 2007 年到 2016 年呈下降趋势，但 2016 年之后，南部和东南部 10 至 39 岁男性的发病率有所上升。