Huluka D K, Ashagrie A W, Gebremariam T H, Ahmed H Y, Kebede R A, Binegdie A B, Gebrehiwot K G, Tadesse M, Sultan M, Dode W W, Tumebo A A, Abayneh A, Seman Y, Firew T, Sherman C B, Schluger N W, Haisch D A
Departments of Internal Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Pediatrics, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Public Health Action. 2022 Dec 21;12(4):191-194. doi: 10.5588/pha.22.0007.
COVID-19, the novel coronavirus, has posed a major threat to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to inadequate health infrastructure and human resources. Ethiopia, a low-income country with the second largest population in Africa, has coordinated a strategic response, leveraging existing infrastructure and health systems and mobilizing public health professionals and specialist expert physicians for a multifaceted, unified government approach and adaptive response. Resource limitations, particularly in critical care, have still posed challenges, but the public health and clinical interventions thus far have prevented the catastrophic toll that many predicted. As the pandemic continues, Ethiopia expects to use a triple care model integrated at all levels, consisting of COVID-19 care, isolation care for suspected cases, and essential health services, and urges intensified non-pharmaceutical interventions alongside equitable global vaccine distribution as the ultimate answers to pandemic control. This paper draws on existing data, national planning and guidelines, and expertise from health leadership to describe this response in hopes of providing an example of how future large-scale health challenges might be faced in LMICs, using Ethiopia's successes and challenges in facing the pandemic.
新型冠状病毒 COVID-19 对低收入和中等收入国家(LMICs)构成了重大威胁,因为这些国家的卫生基础设施和人力资源不足。埃塞俄比亚是非洲第二人口大国的低收入国家,该国通过利用现有基础设施和卫生系统,并动员公共卫生专业人员和专科专家医生,协调了一项战略应对措施,采取了多方面、统一的政府方法和适应性应对措施。资源限制,特别是在重症监护方面,仍然构成挑战,但迄今为止的公共卫生和临床干预措施防止了许多人预测的灾难性后果。随着疫情的持续,埃塞俄比亚期望采用在各级整合的三重护理模式,包括 COVID-19 护理、疑似病例的隔离护理和基本卫生服务,并敦促加强非药物干预措施,同时实现公平的全球疫苗分配,作为控制疫情的最终解决方案。本文利用现有数据、国家规划和指南以及卫生领导层的专业知识来描述这一应对措施,希望通过埃塞俄比亚在应对疫情方面的成功与挑战,提供一个关于低收入和中等收入国家未来如何应对大规模卫生挑战的范例。