Rajah Nasir, Mattock Richard, Martin Adam
Centre for Longitudinal Studies, University College London, UK; Academic Unit of Health Economics, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, UK.
Academic Unit of Health Economics, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, UK.
Econ Hum Biol. 2023 Jan;48:101189. doi: 10.1016/j.ehb.2022.101189. Epub 2022 Oct 17.
Inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity are the main symptoms of ADHD, which affects up to one in ten European and North American children. Existing research shows these symptoms are associated with school exclusion and poor academic performance during childhood and adolescence. Using the British Cohort Study (n = 17,196 people born in April 1970), this is the first study of relationships between ADHD symptoms measured during childhood (age 10) and labour market outcomes measured beyond early adulthood (ages 26-46); and the first to explore the role of childhood circumstances (at birth) and academic performance (ages 10 and 26) in explaining those relationships. A one standard deviation increase in childhood symptoms reduced employment by up to two percentage points and pay by up to four percentage points. Differences in academic performance at age 10 accounted for almost half the observed variation in employment outcomes, indicating a possible role for educational interventions in schools.
注意力不集中、多动和冲动是注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的主要症状，在欧洲和北美，每十名儿童中就有一名受其影响。现有研究表明，这些症状与儿童期和青少年期被学校开除以及学业成绩不佳有关。利用英国队列研究（1970年4月出生的17196人），这是第一项关于儿童期（10岁）测量的ADHD症状与成年早期之后（26 - 46岁）测量的劳动力市场结果之间关系的研究；也是第一项探索儿童期情况（出生时）和学业成绩（10岁和26岁时）在解释这些关系中所起作用的研究。儿童期症状每增加一个标准差，就业率最多降低两个百分点，工资最多降低四个百分点。10岁时学业成绩的差异几乎占就业结果中观察到的差异的一半，这表明学校教育干预可能发挥作用。
