Di Vincenzo Matteo, Sampogna Gaia, Della Rocca Bianca, Brandi Carlotta, Mancuso Emiliana, Landolfi Lorenzo, Volpicelli Antonio, Di Cerbo Arcangelo, Fiorillo Andrea, Luciano Mario
Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Largo Madonna Delle Grazie, 80139, Naples, Italy.
Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2022 Dec 24;21(1):51. doi: 10.1186/s12991-022-00428-9.
The present study aims to assess clinical and psychological correlates of psychological functioning in patients with mood disorders, in a naturalistic setting. In particular, we aimed to describe which sociodemographic, clinical, and temperamental dispositions are more frequently associated with poor psychological functioning, and to describe the association between cognitive and psychological functioning in euthymic patients with major depression and bipolar disorder.
Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) diagnosis of major depression, or bipolar disorder type I or II; (2) age between 18 and 65 years; and (3) being in a stable phase of the disorder. Patients' psychiatric symptoms, quality of life, affective temperaments, and impulsivity were investigated with validated assessment instruments.
166 patients have been recruited, mainly female (55.4%), whose mean age was 47.1 ± 14.2 years. 42.6% of individuals reported a diagnosis of major depression. According to regression analyses, poor cognitive performance (p < 0.05), reduced perceived quality of life (p < .0001), lifetime suicide attempts (p < 0.01), and increased trait-related impulsivity (p <0 .001) strongly correlated with poor psychological functioning. Moreover, cyclothymic and irritable dispositions were also associated with poor social functioning (p < 0.01), whereas hyperthymic affective disposition was associated to a better psychological performance (p < 0.01).
Our results support the evidence that patients with mood disorders should be assessed for psychological functioning and affective dispositions, to identify patients at higher risk to develop worse long-term outcomes and to develop targeted interventions.
本研究旨在评估心境障碍患者在自然环境中心理功能的临床和心理相关因素。具体而言，我们旨在描述哪些社会人口学、临床和气质性因素更常与心理功能不佳相关，并描述重度抑郁症和双相情感障碍的心境正常患者认知功能与心理功能之间的关联。
纳入标准如下：（1）重度抑郁症、I型或II型双相情感障碍的诊断；（2）年龄在18至65岁之间；（3）处于疾病的稳定期。使用经过验证的评估工具对患者的精神症状、生活质量、情感气质和冲动性进行调查。
共招募了166名患者，主要为女性（55.4%），平均年龄为47.1±14.2岁。42.6%的个体报告诊断为重度抑郁症。根据回归分析，认知表现不佳（p<0.05）、生活质量感知降低（p<0.0001）、有过自杀未遂史（p<0.01）以及特质相关冲动性增加（p<0.001）与心理功能不佳密切相关。此外，环性心境和易怒气质也与社交功能不佳相关（p<0.01），而轻躁狂情感气质与较好的心理表现相关（p<0.01）。
我们的结果支持这样的证据，即应对心境障碍患者进行心理功能和情感气质评估，以识别有更高风险出现更差长期预后的患者，并制定有针对性的干预措施。
