Villamil-Galindo Esteban, Antunes-Ricardo Marilena, Piagentini Andrea Marcela, Jacobo-Velázquez Daniel A
Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina.
Front Nutr. 2022 Dec 7;9:1080147. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1080147. eCollection 2022.
The revalorization of agro-industrial by-products by applying ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation to biofortify with phenolic compounds has been studied in recent times, showing improvements in the individual and total phenolic content and their bioactivity. Therefore, the main aim of this work was to optimize the biofortification process of phenolic compounds by UVA radiation to strawberry agro-industrial by-products (RF). Moreover, the effect of UVA radiation on the potential biological activity of the phenolics accumulated in RF due to the treatment was also determined.
The assays followed a factorial design with three variables at three levels: UVA dose (LOW, MEDIUM, and HIGH), storage temperature (5, 10, and 15°C), and storage time (0, 24, 48, and 72 h). At each experimental condition, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymatic activities, total phenolic compound content (TPC), phenolics profile (TPC), and agrimoniin content (AGN) were evaluated; and the optimal UVA dose, storage time, and temperature were determined. bioaccessibility of the accumulated phenolic compound was studied on RF tissue treated with UVA at optimal process conditions. The digested extracts were tested for antiproliferative activity in colorectal cancer cells, cellular antioxidant capacity, and anti-inflammatory activity.
The results showed that applying UVA-HIGH (86.4 KJ/m) treatment and storing the tissue for 46 h at 15°C increased PAL activity (260%), phenolic content (240%), and AGN (300%). The biofortification process improves the bioaccessibility of the main phenolic compound of RF by 9.8 to 25%. The digested optimum extract showed an IC50 for HT29 and Caco-2 cells of 2.73 and 5.43 μg/mL, respectively, and presented 60% cellular antioxidant capacity and 30% inhibition of NOX production.
The RF treated with UVA is an excellent source of phenolic compounds; specifically, ellagitannins and the UVA radiation proved to be efficient in biofortify RF, significantly improving the phenolic compounds content and their bioactive properties with adequate bioaccessibility, adding value to the strawberry agro-industrial by-products.
近年来，人们研究了通过应用紫外线A（UVA）辐射对农业工业副产品进行增值处理，以使其富含酚类化合物，结果表明其在单个和总酚含量及其生物活性方面均有改善。因此，本研究的主要目的是优化利用UVA辐射对草莓农业工业副产品（RF）进行酚类化合物生物强化的过程。此外，还确定了UVA辐射对因处理而在RF中积累的酚类物质潜在生物活性的影响。
试验采用三因素三水平析因设计，三个变量分别为：UVA剂量（低、中、高）、储存温度（5、10和15°C）和储存时间（0、24、48和72小时）。在每个实验条件下，评估苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）和多酚氧化酶（PPO）的酶活性、总酚化合物含量（TPC）、酚类物质谱（TPC）和仙鹤草素含量（AGN）；并确定最佳UVA剂量、储存时间和温度。在最佳工艺条件下，研究了经UVA处理的RF组织中积累的酚类化合物的生物可及性。对消化后的提取物进行结肠癌细胞抗增殖活性、细胞抗氧化能力和抗炎活性测试。
结果表明，采用UVA - 高剂量（86.4 KJ/m）处理并在15°C下将组织储存46小时，可使PAL活性提高260%、酚类含量提高240%、AGN提高300%。生物强化过程使RF主要酚类化合物的生物可及性提高了9.8%至25%。消化后的最佳提取物对HT29和Caco - 2细胞的IC50分别为2.73和5.43 μg/mL，并具有60%的细胞抗氧化能力和30%的NOX生成抑制率。
经UVA处理的RF是酚类化合物的优质来源；具体而言，鞣花单宁和UVA辐射被证明在生物强化RF方面是有效的，显著提高了酚类化合物的含量及其生物活性特性，并具有足够高的生物可及性，为草莓农业工业副产品增加了价值。
