Pamucar Dragan, Görçün Ömer Faruk, Küçükönder Hande
Department of Operations Research and Statistics, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Department of International Logistics and Trade at, Kadir Has University, Kadir Has University, Cibali Av. Kadir Has St. Fatih, Istanbul, 34083 Turkey.
Soft comput. 2023;27(5):2325-2345. doi: 10.1007/s00500-022-07707-3. Epub 2022 Dec 21.
The selection of a proper international freight transport route is one of the crucial tasks for decision-makers since it can affect costs, efficiency, and transportation performance. Besides, the selection of suitable and appropriate freight routes can also reduce external costs of transportation such as emissions, noise, traffic congestions, accidents, and so on. Route selection in international transportation is a complicated decision-making problem as many conflicting factors and criteria affect the assessment process. It has been observed that there is no mathematical model and methodological frame used for solving these selection problems, and decision-makers make decisions on this issue based on their own experiences and verbal judgments in the research process. Therefore, a methodological frame is required to make rational, realistic, and optimal decisions on route selection. From this perspective, the current paper proposes using the IVAIF CODAS, an extended version of the traditional CODAS techniques, and using the Atanassov interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IVAIFS) for processing better the existing uncertainties. The proposed model is applied to solve the route selection, a real-life decision-making problem encountered in international transportation between EU countries and Turkey. According to the results of the analysis, option A6 (i.e., Route-6 (Bursa-Istanbul-Pendik-Trieste (Ro-Ro)-Austria-Frankfurt/Germany) has been determined as the best alternative. These obtained results have been approved by a comprehensive sensitivity analysis performed by using different MCDM techniques based on interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Hence, it can be accepted that the proposed model is an applicable, robust, and powerful mathematical tool; also, it can provide very reliable, accurate, and reasonable results. As a result, the proposed model can provide a more flexible and effective decision-making environment as well as it can provide valuable advantages to the logistics and transport companies for carrying out practical, productive, and lower cost logistics operations.
选择合适的国际货运路线是决策者的关键任务之一，因为它会影响成本、效率和运输性能。此外，选择合适恰当的货运路线还可以降低运输的外部成本，如排放、噪音、交通拥堵、事故等。国际运输中的路线选择是一个复杂的决策问题，因为许多相互冲突的因素和标准会影响评估过程。据观察，目前尚无用于解决这些选择问题的数学模型和方法框架，决策者在研究过程中基于自身经验和口头判断来对此问题做出决策。因此，需要一个方法框架来在路线选择上做出合理、现实且最优的决策。从这个角度来看，本文提出使用IVAIF CODAS（传统CODAS技术的扩展版本），并使用阿塔纳索夫区间值直觉模糊集（IVAIFS）来更好地处理现有的不确定性。所提出的模型被应用于解决路线选择问题，这是欧盟国家与土耳其之间国际运输中遇到的一个实际决策问题。根据分析结果，选项A6（即路线6（布尔萨 - 伊斯坦布尔 - 彭迪克 - 的里雅斯特（滚装） - 奥地利 - 德国法兰克福））被确定为最佳选择。通过使用基于区间值直觉模糊集的不同多准则决策技术进行的全面敏感性分析，验证了这些所得结果。因此，可以认为所提出的模型是一个适用、稳健且强大的数学工具；此外，它可以提供非常可靠、准确且合理的结果。结果，所提出的模型可以提供一个更灵活有效的决策环境，并且可以为物流和运输公司开展实际、高效且低成本的物流运营提供宝贵优势。
