Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2023 Jun;69(4):906-915. doi: 10.1177/00207640221141646. Epub 2022 Dec 26.
There are limited data on loneliness and its correlates in patients with schizophrenia.
To evaluate prevalence and correlates of loneliness in patients with schizophrenia, currently in clinical remission.
A total of 160 patients of schizophrenia in clinical remission were assessed on UCLA Loneliness Scale, Positive and Negative syndrome scale, Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Brief COPE, Beck's Hopelessness Scale, Brief Dyadic Scale of Expressed Emotions, and Self-report Quality of Life Measure.
The mean age of the study sample was 34.99 ( = 9.13) years. The prevalence of loneliness in the study sample was 80%, with mean total UCLA-loneliness scale score of 30.04 (16.9).Compared to participants without loneliness, those with loneliness had had higher CDSS score, had poor quality of life, lower self-esteem, experienced higher level of stigma, more often used maladaptive coping strategies such as self-blaming and reported a higher level of hopelessness. In the correlation analysis, higher level of loneliness was associated higher severity of depression, higher level of stigma (except for stigma resistance) and discrimination, poorer quality of life, lower self-esteem, perception of a higher level of expressed emotions, higher use of maladaptive coping in the domains of behavioral disengagement, and self-blaming, and a higher level of hopelessness. In regression analysis, the maximum variance of loneliness was explained by quality of life score (29%), followed by hopelessness score (8.8%) and discrimination score (2%).
There is a high prevalence of loneliness in patients with schizophrenia, and there is a need to routinely evaluate the patients of schizophrenia for loneliness and address the same.
关于孤独及其在精神分裂症患者中的相关性，数据有限。
评估处于临床缓解期的精神分裂症患者的孤独感发生率及其相关因素。
对 160 名处于临床缓解期的精神分裂症患者进行了加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校孤独量表、阳性和阴性综合征量表、卡尔加里精神分裂症抑郁量表（CDSS）、精神疾病内化耻辱感量表、罗森伯格自尊量表、简要应对量表、贝克绝望量表、简要双元情感表达量表和自我报告生活质量评估。
研究样本的平均年龄为 34.99（ = 9.13）岁。研究样本中孤独感的患病率为 80%，平均 UCLA 孤独量表总分为 30.04（16.9）。与无孤独感的参与者相比，有孤独感的参与者 CDSS 评分更高，生活质量较差，自尊心较低，经历的耻辱感水平更高，更经常使用自我责备等适应不良的应对策略，并且报告的绝望感更高。在相关分析中，更高水平的孤独感与更严重的抑郁、更高水平的耻辱感（除了抵抗耻辱感）和歧视、较差的生活质量、较低的自尊心、感知更高水平的表达情绪、更高水平的适应不良应对行为、自我责备以及更高水平的绝望感相关。在回归分析中，孤独感的最大方差由生活质量评分（29%）解释，其次是绝望感评分（8.8%）和歧视评分（2%）。
精神分裂症患者中孤独感的患病率很高，需要常规评估精神分裂症患者的孤独感并解决这一问题。
