Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
Universidade Federal do Pampa, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
Arch Argent Pediatr. 2023 Apr 1;121(2):e202202732. doi: 10.5546/aap.2022-02732.eng. Epub 2022 Dec 29.
Introduction. Children's environmental health studies the influence of the environment on health and disease in children. Global environmental exposures pose a serious threat to health, warranting further research and action. Objective. To assess the environmental health of a sample of children living in urban and rural areas in Uruguaiana, Brazil. Population and methods. We included parents/legal guardians (n = 714) of children seen at Policlinica Infantil de Uruguaiana between January and October 2021, who completed the environmental historytaking in pediatrics (Brazilian Society of Pediatrics). Collected data were analyzed based on place of residence (urban or rural) or household income. Results. The comparison between inhabitants of the urban area (n = 660) and the rural area (n = 54) established that, among those living in the rural area, activity with chemical substances (15% versus 32.7%; p = 0.004), living near a plantation (7.5% versus 74.5%; p < 0.001) or near a source of contamination (4.8% versus 32.7%; p < 0.001), having a dog (62% versus 87.3%; p < 0.001), using pesticides (0.6% versus 32.7%; p < 0.001), and exposure to chemical contamination (2.6% versus 18.2%; p < 0.001) were significantly higher. In the urban area, exposure to vehicle traffic near the house (85% versus 48.1%; p < 0.001), an average income below 3 minimum wages (90%), and a low level of education predominated. Conclusion. Environmental history-taking is critical for the detection of environmental threats present in the areas where children and adolescents live, learn, play, and study.
引言。儿童环境健康研究环境对儿童健康和疾病的影响。全球环境暴露对健康构成严重威胁，需要进一步研究和采取行动。目的。评估巴西乌鲁瓦伊亚纳市城乡地区儿童的环境健康状况。人群和方法。我们纳入了 2021 年 1 月至 10 月在乌鲁瓦伊亚纳儿科诊所就诊的儿童的父母/法定监护人（n=714），他们完成了巴西儿科学会的儿科环境史问卷调查。根据居住地点（城市或农村）或家庭收入对收集的数据进行分析。结果。对居住在城市地区的居民（n=660）和农村地区的居民（n=54）进行比较，发现居住在农村地区的居民中，接触化学物质的活动（15%比 32.7%；p=0.004）、居住在种植园附近（7.5%比 74.5%；p<0.001）或污染源附近（4.8%比 32.7%；p<0.001）、有狗（62%比 87.3%；p<0.001）、使用农药（0.6%比 32.7%；p<0.001）和接触化学污染（2.6%比 18.2%；p<0.001）的比例显著更高。在城市地区，暴露于房屋附近的车辆交通（85%比 48.1%；p<0.001）、平均收入低于 3 个最低工资（90%）和低教育水平更为普遍。结论。环境史采集对于发现儿童和青少年生活、学习、玩耍和研究的地区存在的环境威胁至关重要。
