Wu Xujiang, Wang Junchan, Wu Di, Jiang Wei, Gao Zhifu, Li Dongsheng, Wu Rongling, Gao Derong, Zhang Yong
Institute of Agricultural Science of the Lixiahe District in Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, China.
Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Low and Middle Yangtze River Valley Wheat Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Dec 12;13:1056935. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1056935. eCollection 2022.
Wheat sharp eyespot caused by Rhizoctonia cerealis is a serious pathogenic disease affecting plants. The effective strategy for controlling this disease is breeding resistant cultivar. However, to date, no wheat varieties are fully resistant to sharp eyespot, and only a few quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been shown to be associated with sharp eyespot resistance.
To understand the genetic basis of this disease, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of sharp eyespot resistance in 262 varieties from all China wheat regions was conducted.
After cultivation for three years, only 6.5% of the varieties were resistant to sharp eyespot. Notably, the varieties from the middle and lower Yangtze River displayed higher sharp eyespot resistance than those from Huanghuai wheat zone. Only two varieties had the same resistance level to the control Shanhongmai. The results of GWAS showed that 5 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci were markedly related to sharp eyespot resistance in the three years repeatedly, and two QTLs, qSE-6A and qSE-7B, on chromosome 6A and 7B were identified. Based on the 'CG' haplotypes of significant SNPs, we found that the two QTLs exhibited additive effects on attenuating sharp eyespot resistance.
These results provide novel insights into the genetic basis of sharp eyespot resistance in China wheat varieties. The SNPs related to sharp eyespot resistance can be applied for marker-assisted selection in plant breeding.
由禾谷丝核菌引起的小麦纹枯病是一种严重影响植物的致病病害。控制这种病害的有效策略是培育抗病品种。然而，迄今为止，尚无小麦品种对纹枯病完全抗性，仅有少数数量性状位点（QTL）被证明与纹枯病抗性相关。
为了解这种病害的遗传基础，对来自中国各小麦产区的262个品种进行了纹枯病抗性的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）。
经过三年种植，仅有6.5%的品种对纹枯病具有抗性。值得注意的是，长江中下游地区的品种比黄淮麦区的品种表现出更高的纹枯病抗性。只有两个品种对对照品种山红麦具有相同的抗性水平。GWAS结果表明，有5个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点在三年中均与纹枯病抗性显著相关，并在6A和7B染色体上鉴定出两个QTL，即qSE - 6A和qSE - 7B。基于显著SNP的“CG”单倍型，我们发现这两个QTL在减弱纹枯病抗性方面表现出加性效应。
这些结果为中国小麦品种纹枯病抗性的遗传基础提供了新的见解。与纹枯病抗性相关的SNP可应用于植物育种的标记辅助选择。
