印度尼西亚农村 2 型糖尿病患者饮食行为相关因素分析。
Factors Associated With Dietary Behaviour Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Indonesia.
机构信息
Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia.
出版信息
J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc. 2022;37(2):60-64. doi: 10.15605/jafes.037.02.02. Epub 2022 Jun 16.
BACKGROUND
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the fastest-growing diseases and most serious major health problems worldwide. Few studies have focused on the association of social support with diabetes-related dietary behaviour.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the relationship between social support and dietary behaviour among patients with diabetes in a rural area of Indonesia.
METHODOLOGY
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that included 120 physically healthy patients above 18 years old with T2DM for at least 6 months. Data analysis was done using a stepwise regression model.
RESULTS
The mean age was 61.97 years (SD = 7.85, range = 52-74); 86.7% of the participants were females. Social support (β = 0.272, = <0.001), diabetes medications (β = 0.169, = 0.003), duration of diabetes (β = 0.118, = 0.0047), and presence of diabetes complications (β = 0.197, = 0.008) were significant predictors of dietary behaviour and accounted for 34.2% of the variance.
CONCLUSIONS
Social support, diabetes medications, presence of diabetes complications, and duration of diabetes were associated with improved dietary behaviour. Therefore, social support should be considered when designing dietary interventions for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
背景
2 型糖尿病（T2DM）是全球增长最快的疾病和最严重的主要健康问题之一。很少有研究关注社会支持与糖尿病相关饮食行为之间的关系。
目的
检验印度尼西亚农村地区糖尿病患者社会支持与饮食行为之间的关系。
方法
这是一项描述性的横断面研究，共纳入了 120 名年龄在 18 岁以上且至少患有 6 个月 T2DM 的身体健康的患者。数据分析采用逐步回归模型。
结果
平均年龄为 61.97 岁（标准差 = 7.85，范围为 52-74）；86.7%的参与者为女性。社会支持（β=0.272，p<0.001）、糖尿病药物（β=0.169，p=0.003）、糖尿病病程（β=0.118，p=0.0047）和糖尿病并发症的存在（β=0.197，p=0.008）是饮食行为的显著预测因子，共解释了 34.2%的方差。
结论
社会支持、糖尿病药物、糖尿病并发症的存在和糖尿病病程与改善的饮食行为相关。因此，在为 2 型糖尿病患者设计饮食干预措施时，应考虑社会支持。
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