Barros Katharina O, Alvarenga Flávia B M, Magni Giulia, Souza Gisele F L, Abegg Maxwel A, Palladino Fernanda, da Silva Sílvio S, Rodrigues Rita C L B, Sato Trey K, Hittinger Chris Todd, Rosa Carlos A
Departmento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Yeast. 2023 Feb;40(2):84-101. doi: 10.1002/yea.3837. Epub 2023 Jan 22.
This study investigated the diversity of yeast species associated with rotting wood in Brazilian Amazonian rainforests. A total of 569 yeast strains were isolated from rotting wood samples collected in three Amazonian areas (Universidade Federal do Amazonas-Universidade Federal do Amazonas [UFAM], Piquiá, and Carú) in the municipality of Itacoatiara, Amazon state. The samples were cultured in yeast nitrogen base (YNB)-d-xylose, YNB-xylan, and sugarcane bagasse and corncob hemicellulosic hydrolysates (undiluted and diluted 1:2 and 1:5). Sugiyamaella was the most prevalent genus identified in this work, followed by Kazachstania. The most frequently isolated yeast species were Schwanniomyces polymorphus, Scheffersomyces amazonensis, and Wickerhamomyces sp., respectively. The alpha diversity analyses showed that the dryland forest of UFAM was the most diverse area, while the floodplain forest of Carú was the least. Additionally, the difference in diversity between UFAM and Carú was the highest among the comparisons. Thirty candidates for new yeast species were obtained, representing 36% of the species identified and totaling 101 isolates. Among them were species belonging to the clades Spathaspora, Scheffersomyces, and Sugiyamaella, which are recognized as genera with natural xylose-fermenting yeasts that are often studied for biotechnological and ecological purposes. The results of this work showed that rotting wood collected from the Amazonian rainforest is a tremendous source of diverse yeasts, including candidates for new species.
本研究调查了巴西亚马逊雨林中与腐烂木材相关的酵母菌种多样性。从亚马逊州伊塔科阿蒂亚拉市的三个亚马逊地区（亚马逊联邦大学 - 亚马逊联邦大学[UFAM]、皮基亚和卡鲁）采集的腐烂木材样本中，共分离出569株酵母菌株。样本在酵母氮源基础培养基（YNB） - D - 木糖、YNB - 木聚糖以及甘蔗渣和玉米芯半纤维素水解产物（未稀释、1:2稀释和1:5稀释）中培养。在这项研究中鉴定出的最普遍的属是苏吉亚马酵母属，其次是哈萨克斯坦酵母属。最常分离出的酵母菌种分别是多形施万酵母、亚马逊毕赤酵母和威克汉姆酵母属。α多样性分析表明，UFAM的旱地森林是最多样化的区域，而卡鲁的洪泛平原森林多样性最低。此外，在各项比较中，UFAM和卡鲁之间的多样性差异最大。获得了30个新酵母菌种候选菌株，占鉴定出的菌种的36%，共计101株分离株。其中包括属于斯帕塔斯孢属、毕赤酵母属和苏吉亚马酵母属分支的菌种，这些属被认为是具有天然木糖发酵酵母的属，常因生物技术和生态目的而被研究。这项工作的结果表明，从亚马逊雨林采集的腐烂木材是多种酵母的巨大来源，包括新物种候选菌株。
