Mehta Sanjay Kumar, Ananthavel Aravindhavel, Reddy T V Ramesh, Ali Saleem, Mehta Shyam Bihari, Kakkanattu Sachin Philip, Purushotham Pooja, Betsy K B
Atmospheric Observations and Modelling Laboratory (AOML), Department of Physics, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203 Tamil Nadu India.
Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, India.
Pure Appl Geophys. 2023;180(1):383-404. doi: 10.1007/s00024-022-03205-7. Epub 2022 Dec 26.
This article examines the role of the meteorological variable in the spread of the ongoing pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) across India. COVID-19 has created an unprecedented situation for public health and brought the world to a standstill. COVID-19 had caused more than 1,523,242 deaths out of 66,183,029 confirmed cases worldwide till the first week of December 2020. We have examined the surface temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall over five cities: Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Bengaluru, and Chennai, which were severely affected by COVID-19. It is found that the prevailing southwest (SW) monsoon during the pandemic has acted as a natural sanitizer in limiting the spread of the virus. The mean rainfall is ~ 20-40 mm over the selected cities, resulting in an average decrease in COVID cases by ~ 18-26% for the next 3 days after the rainfall. The day-to-day variations of the meteorological parameters and COVID-19 cases clearly demonstrate that both surface temperature and relative humidity play a vital role in the indirect transport of the virus. Our analysis reveals that most COVID-19 cases fall within the surface temperature range from 24 to 30 °C and relative humidity range from 50% to 80%. At a given temperature, COVID-19 cases show a large dependency on the relative humidity; therefore, the coastal environments were more prone to infections. Wavelet transforms coherence analysis of the daily COVID-19 cases with temperature and relative humidity reveals a significant coherence within 8 days.
本文研究了气象变量在当前大流行的2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）在印度传播过程中的作用。COVID-19给公共卫生带来了前所未有的局面，并使世界陷入停滞。截至2020年12月的第一周，在全球66,183,029例确诊病例中，COVID-19已导致超过1,523,242人死亡。我们研究了德里、孟买、加尔各答、班加罗尔和金奈这五个受COVID-19严重影响的城市的地表温度、相对湿度和降雨量。研究发现，大流行期间盛行的西南季风在限制病毒传播方面起到了自然消毒剂的作用。选定城市的平均降雨量约为20 - 40毫米，降雨后接下来的3天里COVID病例平均减少了约18 - 26%。气象参数和COVID-19病例的每日变化清楚地表明，地表温度和相对湿度在病毒的间接传播中都起着至关重要的作用。我们的分析表明，大多数COVID-19病例的地表温度范围在24至30°C之间，相对湿度范围在50%至80%之间。在给定温度下，COVID-19病例对相对湿度有很大依赖性；因此，沿海地区更容易感染。对每日COVID-19病例与温度和相对湿度进行小波变换相干分析，结果显示在8天内存在显著的相干性。
