Hemati Sara, Mohammadi-Moghadam Fazel
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
Rev Environ Health. 2023 Jan 2;39(2):363-370. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0221. Print 2024 Jun 25.
Monkeypox (MPX) is one of the common infections between humans and animals that caused by a virus belonging to the Orthopoxvirus genus. The Monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak is a global crisis triggered by environmental factors (virus, wastewater, surface, air) and amplified by the decisions of government officials and communities. The aim of this systematic review is to describe the environmental perspectives of MPXV with emphasis on risk assessment to prevent and control a new pandemic. Five online databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar were searched from 1990 to October 2022. Among 120 records, after the screening, four studies were included in the systematic review. The systematic review revealed that the possibility of MPXV transmission through wastewater, air, and the contaminated surfaces is a significant concern and its detection and destroying will play a major role in controlling the spread of the virus. Poxviruses have a high environmental stability, but are sensitive to all common chemical disinfectants. In conclusion, this study revealed that the environmental surveillance can be used as a complementary tool for detecting pathogens circulation in communities. This implies that the monitoring of environmental perspectives of MPXV can provide new awareness into virus transmission routes as well as the role of stakeholders and public health policies in MPXV risk management.
猴痘（MPX）是由正痘病毒属病毒引起的人畜共患常见感染之一。猴痘病毒（MPXV）疫情是一场由环境因素（病毒、废水、表面、空气）引发，并因政府官员和社区的决策而加剧的全球危机。本系统评价的目的是描述MPXV的环境视角，重点是风险评估，以预防和控制新的大流行。检索了包括科学网、PubMed、Scopus、ScienceDirect和谷歌学术在内的五个在线数据库，检索时间为1990年至2022年10月。在120条记录中，筛选后有四项研究纳入了系统评价。系统评价显示，MPXV通过废水、空气和受污染表面传播的可能性是一个重大问题，对其进行检测和销毁将在控制病毒传播中发挥重要作用。痘病毒具有很高的环境稳定性，但对所有常见化学消毒剂敏感。总之，本研究表明，环境监测可作为检测社区病原体传播的补充工具。这意味着，对MPXV环境视角的监测可以为病毒传播途径以及利益相关者和公共卫生政策在MPXV风险管理中的作用提供新的认识。
