Asaumi Rieko, Sato Iwao, Takiguchi Masachika, Kawata Shinichi, Nagahori Kenta, Omotehara Takuya, Yakura Tomiko, Kawai Taisuke, Itoh Masahiro
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan.
Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2023 Feb;45(2):121-135. doi: 10.1007/s00276-022-03065-9. Epub 2023 Jan 3.
There are only limited anatomical data on nerves, veins, and arteries in the temporal bone. More detailed anatomical data are required to improve planning of treatments targeting the temporal bone region. Herein, we performed a detailed analysis of the facial canal (FC) and the related carotid artery and vein.
We examined the bony structure of the middle ear and FC, jugular foramen, and carotid canal in 30 Japanese elderly donor cadavers. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the canal structure was achieved using cone beam computed tomography, while macroscopic and histological analyses were also performed.
The FC form was classified as either straight (28%) or bent (72%). There were significant differences in the diameter of the FC and the distance between the internal jugular vein, other FC branches, and the FC. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed for the FC using 29 factors. Two principal components significantly explained 30.9% (component 1, 18.6%; component 2, 12.3%) of the FC. Histological observation showed numerous ganglion cells and shrunken neurons in the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve of elderly samples.
FC diameter is an important contributor to the relationship between the FC and the jugular foramen. The FC and the internal jugular vein are located close to each other, which is useful information for the trans-canal surgery of the otology. Furthermore, the geniculate ganglion contains numerous ganglion cells and shrunken neurons, which may affect the FC structure during bone matrix remodeling with aging.
关于颞骨内神经、静脉和动脉的解剖学数据有限。需要更详细的解剖学数据来改进针对颞骨区域的治疗方案规划。在此，我们对面神经管（FC）以及相关的颈动脉和静脉进行了详细分析。
我们检查了30具日本老年捐赠者尸体的中耳和FC、颈静脉孔及颈动脉管的骨结构。使用锥形束计算机断层扫描实现了管结构的三维重建，同时还进行了宏观和组织学分析。
FC形态分为直型（28%）或弯型（72%）。FC的直径以及颈内静脉、其他FC分支与FC之间的距离存在显著差异。使用29个因素对FC进行主成分分析（PCA）。两个主成分显著解释了FC的30.9%（成分1，18.6%；成分2，12.3%）。组织学观察显示老年样本面神经膝状神经节中有大量神经节细胞和萎缩的神经元。
FC直径是影响FC与颈静脉孔关系的一个重要因素。FC与颈内静脉位置相邻，这对耳科经耳道手术是有用的信息。此外，膝状神经节含有大量神经节细胞和萎缩的神经元，这可能在衰老过程中骨基质重塑时影响FC结构。
