Department of Health Communications, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Behavioral Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
BMJ Open. 2022 Dec 9;12(12):e063912. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063912.
Despite various tobacco control measures in Japan, smoking remains a leading cause of mortality. This manuscript outlines proposed methodology for scoping review that aims to describe the knowledge gaps for local-level smoking cessation interventions in Japan, their implementation barriers and facilitators, and the use of implementation strategies.
A scoping review will be conducted using the updated guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-extension for Scoping Reviews to systematically search peer-reviewed journal articles and grey literature to identify studies on smoking cessation interventions in Japan. The six-stage scoping review model will involve (1) identifying the research question; (2) identifying relevant studies; (3) selecting studies; (4) charting data; (5) collating, summarising and reporting the results; and (6) consultation exercise. Since there is little information available on the implementation context in the literature, we will use grey literature to identify organisations implementing smoking cessation interventions and conduct a cross-sectional survey among them to supplement the information gap. Based on a literature review, findings will be organised on smoking cessation interventions in local settings (ie, communities, workplaces, schools and hospitals) at the population, provider and individual levels in Japan to understand knowledge gaps. We will adopt the consolidated framework for implementation research to identify implementation barriers and facilitators, and the expert recommendations for implementing change to identify implementation strategies.
This study does not require ethical committee approval. The scoping review method will be robust in searching available smoking cessation interventions in Japan. The findings of this study will be compiled as case studies of best practices on smoking cessation interventions and disseminated to relevant stakeholders at the public and private levels through publications, presentations in conferences and stakeholder meetings.
尽管日本采取了各种烟草控制措施，但吸烟仍是主要的死亡原因。本文概述了一项范围综述的建议方法，旨在描述日本地方一级戒烟干预措施的知识空白、实施障碍和促进因素，以及实施策略的使用情况。
将使用系统评价和荟萃分析扩展的首选报告项目更新指南进行范围综述，以系统地搜索同行评议期刊文章和灰色文献，以确定日本戒烟干预措施的研究。六阶段范围综述模型将包括（1）确定研究问题；（2）确定相关研究；（3）选择研究；（4）绘制数据；（5）整理、总结和报告结果；（6）咨询工作。由于文献中关于实施背景的信息很少，我们将利用灰色文献来确定实施戒烟干预措施的组织，并对它们进行横断面调查，以补充信息空白。根据文献综述，将在日本地方环境（即社区、工作场所、学校和医院）中对人群、提供者和个人层面的戒烟干预措施进行组织，以了解知识空白。我们将采用实施研究综合框架来确定实施障碍和促进因素，并采用实施变革的专家建议来确定实施策略。
本研究不需要伦理委员会批准。范围综述方法将在搜索日本现有的戒烟干预措施方面具有很强的稳健性。本研究的结果将作为戒烟干预措施最佳实践的案例研究进行汇编，并通过出版物、会议演示和利益相关者会议向公共和私营部门的相关利益相关者传播。
