da Costa Cristiane Giacomelli, Jalalizadeh Mehrsa, Yadollahvandmiandoab Reza, Buosi Keini, Reis Leonardo O
Department of UroScience, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, PUC, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Int J Gen Med. 2022 Dec 29;15:8727-8741. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S393861. eCollection 2022.
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been shown to have protective effects against respiratory viruses. We conducted a scoping review of the literature to clarify the available evidence regarding the effect of BCG therapy in preventing respiratory complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
We searched PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Science for related studies up to October 2022.
In total, 35 publications and trials were included. One animal study, two observational studies, and six finalized trials measured the effect of BCG administration on respiratory complications of COVID-19. The remaining publications included eight unfinished trials, 12 ecological studies, and six observational studies that did not directly measure respiratory complications but assessed overall mortality of the disease and were included as an adjunct to our study. All trials involved vaccinating adults to protect them against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, and measured respiratory symptoms or the need for intensive respiratory support as the primary or secondary aim of the study. One trial that exclusively included at-risk adults between 18 and 60 years old showed a decreased chance of respiratory complications as the secondary outcome of the study. Another trial that exclusively evaluated this effect on the elderly (60 years and older) as the primary aim of the study reported no protective effect against respiratory complications. The remaining literature provided mostly inconclusive evidence.
The majority of the literature on the protective effect of BCG against respiratory complications of COVID-19 is inconclusive.
卡介苗（BCG）已被证明对呼吸道病毒具有保护作用。我们对文献进行了一项范围综述，以阐明卡介苗治疗在预防2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）呼吸道并发症方面的现有证据。
我们检索了截至2022年10月的PubMed、Embase、CENTRAL、Scopus和Web of Science等数据库以查找相关研究。
总共纳入了35篇出版物和试验。一项动物研究、两项观察性研究和六项最终试验测量了卡介苗接种对COVID-19呼吸道并发症的影响。其余出版物包括八项未完成的试验、十二项生态学研究和六项未直接测量呼吸道并发症但评估了该疾病总体死亡率的观察性研究，并作为我们研究的补充纳入。所有试验均涉及对成年人进行疫苗接种以保护他们免受严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染，并将呼吸道症状或对强化呼吸支持的需求作为研究的主要或次要目标进行测量。一项专门纳入18至60岁高危成年人的试验显示，作为研究的次要结果，呼吸道并发症的发生几率有所降低。另一项专门将对老年人（60岁及以上）的这种影响作为研究主要目标进行评估的试验报告称，对呼吸道并发症没有保护作用。其余文献大多提供了不确定的证据。
关于卡介苗对COVID-19呼吸道并发症保护作用的大多数文献尚无定论。
