Katoch Shivani, Sharma Sumani, Sankhyan Varun, Wadhwa Daisy, Sharma Arun, Kumar Sanjiv
Department of Animal Nutrition, DGCN College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, CSK HP Agriculture University, Palampur, HP, 176062, India.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2023 Jan 6;55(1):33. doi: 10.1007/s11250-022-03443-w.
Study of 35 days was conducted to evaluate citric acid (CA) as an additive in poultry broiler feed with lower mineral content of calcium (Ca) and total phosphorus (TP) in commercial broiler poultry birds for its effect on growth, nutrient utilization, carcass characteristics, and economics. Vancobb-400 strain day old broiler chicks were divided into four main treatment groups T T, T, and T Treatment groups were further divided into eight replicates with ten chicks in each. T served as control, given standard corn-soy flakes-based ration (Pre-starter %: Crude protein (CP)-23, Ca-1.00, TP-0.70; Starter %: CP-22, Ca-1.10, TP-0.72, and Finisher %: CP-20, Ca-0.99, TP-0.70). Treatment T served as positive control with added 0.5% CA (Pre-starter %: CP-23, Ca-1.00, TP-0.70; Starter %: CP-22, Ca-1.10, TP-0.72 and Finisher %: CP-20, Ca-0.99, TP-0.70). Treatment T was given feed containing 0.5% CA with low Ca and TP content (Pre-starter %: CP-23, Ca-0.90, TP-0.66; Starter %: CP-22, Ca-0.99, TP-0.71 and Finisher %: CP-20, Ca-0.90, TP-0.69), whereas treatment T was given feed containing 0.5% CA with moderately low Ca and TP content (Pre-starter %: CP-23, Ca-0.80, TP-0.65; Starter %: CP-22, Ca-0.88, TP-0.70 and Finisher %: CP-20, Ca-0.79, TP-0.68). Birds offered moderately low Ca and TP with 0.5% CA addition, exhibited higher growth rate (P < 0.05), better nutrient utilization with positive influence on dressing percentage and forequarters weight. Economics of broiler feeding revealed that 0.5% CA supplementation fetched highest gross return above feed cost in broiler birds offered feed with moderately low Ca and TP content whereas lowest profit was recorded in feed with low content of Ca and TP. In conclusion, supplementation of 0.5% CA in feed with low and moderately low Ca and TP content positively influenced overall growth, and carcass characteristics. Economics of broiler feeding with moderately low Ca and TP content revealed highest profit with CA (0.5%) supplementation.
进行了为期35天的研究，以评估柠檬酸（CA）作为商业肉鸡饲料添加剂的效果，该饲料中钙（Ca）和总磷（TP）的矿物质含量较低，考察其对肉鸡生长、养分利用率、胴体特性和经济效益的影响。将Vancobb - 400品系的一日龄肉鸡雏鸡分为四个主要处理组T₁、T₂、T₃和T₄。处理组进一步分为八个重复，每组十只雏鸡。T₁作为对照组，给予标准的基于玉米 - 豆粕的日粮（预开食期%：粗蛋白（CP）- 23，Ca - 1.00，TP - 0.70；开食期%：CP - 22，Ca - 1.10，TP - 0.72，育肥期%：CP - 20，Ca - 0.99，TP - 0.70）。处理组T₂作为阳性对照组，添加0.5%的CA（预开食期%：CP - 23，Ca - 1.00，TP - 0.70；开食期%：CP - 22，Ca - 1.10，TP - 0.72，育肥期%：CP - 20，Ca - 0.99，TP - 0.70）。处理组T₃给予含0.5% CA且Ca和TP含量低的饲料（预开食期%：CP - 23，Ca - 0.90，TP - 0.66；开食期%：CP - 22，Ca - 0.99，TP - 0.71，育肥期%：CP - 20，Ca - 0.90，TP - 0.69），而处理组T₄给予含0.5% CA且Ca和TP含量适度低的饲料（预开食期%：CP - 23，Ca - 0.80，TP - 0.65；开食期%：CP - 22，Ca - 0.88，TP - 0.70，育肥期%：CP - 20，Ca - 0.79，TP - 0.68）。添加0.5% CA且Ca和TP含量适度低的肉鸡，生长速度更高（P < 0.05），养分利用率更好，对屠宰率和前躯重量有积极影响。肉鸡饲养的经济效益表明，在给予Ca和TP含量适度低的饲料的肉鸡中，添加0.5% CA获得的饲料成本以上的总回报最高，而在Ca和TP含量低的饲料中利润最低。总之，在Ca和TP含量低及适度低的饲料中添加0.5% CA对整体生长和胴体特性有积极影响。用Ca和TP含量适度低的饲料饲养肉鸡的经济效益表明，添加CA（0.5%）时利润最高。
