Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 213, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 213, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Mar 25;866:161401. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161401. Epub 2023 Jan 4.
The degradation of bio-based plastic materials in field soil under natural conditions was investigated in this study. Three bio-based plastics materials, which contained polylactide (PLA) with polybutylene adipate terephthalate and additives (PLA_1), PLA-based polyester blend with mineral filler (PLA_2), and polybutylene succinate with mineral filler (PBS_1) in the form of the film, were subjected to soil burial biodegradation processes. The experiments were carried out in a climate with an average annual temperature of 9.4 °C, in winter and summer periods for one year. The degradation of the materials was evaluated by macro- and microscopic observations, weight loss, thermogravimetric analysis, and tensile test. Macroscopic observation indicated that changes in the color of film surface were visible for samples PBS_1 after 12 months of degradation. Using microscopic inspection the erosion of surface samples PLA_1 and PBS_1 after 12 months was observed. Mass loss of samples PLA_1 and PLA_2 after one year of degradation were below 0.6 %. Moreover, for PBS_1 sample, mass loss was equal to 4.3 %. Based on the obtained results of the mass loss, a description of the degradation kinetics was proposed, showing the changes in the thickness of the tested polymer over time. The thermal stability of the samples PLA_1 and PLA_2 decreased during the degradation process by 16.1 and 2.6 °C, respectively, and for PBS_1 increased by 1.7 °C. Tensile strength at break after 12 months of degradation decreased for sample PLA_1 and PLA_2 by 27.3 and 5.8 %, respectively, and increased for sample PBS_1 by 28.2 % compare to unexposed sample.
本研究考察了生物基塑料材料在自然条件下田间土壤中的降解情况。三种生物基塑料材料，即含有聚乳酸（PLA）与聚丁二酸丁二醇酯和添加剂（PLA_1）、含有矿物填料的 PLA 基聚酯共混物（PLA_2）和含有矿物填料的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯（PBS_1），均以薄膜形式进行了土壤掩埋生物降解实验。实验在平均年气温为 9.4°C 的气候条件下进行，为期一年，包括冬季和夏季两个阶段。通过宏观和微观观察、重量损失、热重分析和拉伸试验评估了材料的降解情况。宏观观察表明，在降解 12 个月后，PBS_1 样品的薄膜表面颜色发生了变化。通过微观检查发现，在 12 个月后，PLA_1 和 PBS_1 表面样品发生了侵蚀。PLA_1 和 PLA_2 样品在经过一年的降解后，质量损失均低于 0.6%。此外，对于 PBS_1 样品，质量损失等于 4.3%。基于所获得的质量损失结果，提出了降解动力学的描述，显示了测试聚合物在时间上厚度的变化。PLA_1 和 PLA_2 样品的热稳定性在降解过程中分别降低了 16.1 和 2.6°C，而 PBS_1 样品的热稳定性则增加了 1.7°C。在降解 12 个月后，PLA_1 和 PLA_2 样品的断裂拉伸强度分别降低了 27.3%和 5.8%，而 PBS_1 样品则增加了 28.2%，与未暴露样品相比。
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