Capuano Roberta, Avolio Roberto, Castaldo Rachele, Cocca Mariacristina, Olivieri Federico, Gentile Gennaro, Errico Maria Emanuela
Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy (IPCB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy.
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering-DIMI, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25121 Brescia, Italy.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Aug 1;17(15):2127. doi: 10.3390/polym17152127.
In this study, multicomponent PLA-based biocomposites were developed. In particular, both native fibrous cellulose and cellulose with modified morphology obtained through ball milling treatments were incorporated into the polyester matrix in combination with an oligomeric plasticizer, specifically a lactic acid oligomer (OLA). The resulting materials were analyzed in terms of their morphology, thermal and mechanical properties over time, water vapor permeability, and degradation under soil burial conditions in comparison to neat PLA and unplasticized PLA/cellulose composites. The cellulose phase significantly affected the mechanical properties and enhanced their long-term stability, addressing a common limitation of PLA/plasticizer blends. Additionally, water vapor permeability increased in all composites. Finally, the ternary systems exhibited a significantly higher degradation rate in soil burial conditions compared to PLA, evidenced by larger weight loss and reduction in the molecular weight of the PLA phase. The degradation rate was notably influenced by the morphology of the cellulose phase.
在本研究中，开发了基于聚乳酸（PLA）的多组分生物复合材料。具体而言，将天然纤维状纤维素以及通过球磨处理获得的具有改性形态的纤维素与一种低聚物增塑剂（具体为乳酸低聚物（OLA））一起掺入聚酯基体中。与纯PLA和未增塑的PLA/纤维素复合材料相比，对所得材料的形态、随时间变化的热性能和机械性能、水蒸气透过率以及在土壤掩埋条件下的降解情况进行了分析。纤维素相显著影响了机械性能并增强了其长期稳定性，解决了PLA/增塑剂共混物的一个常见局限性。此外，所有复合材料的水蒸气透过率均有所提高。最后，与PLA相比，三元体系在土壤掩埋条件下表现出显著更高的降解速率，这通过PLA相更大的重量损失和分子量降低得以证明。降解速率受到纤维素相形态的显著影响。
