Nicholas Institute of Sports Medicine and Athletic Trauma, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, USA.
Nicholas Institute of Sports Medicine and Athletic Trauma, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, USA.
J Sci Med Sport. 2023 Feb;26(2):93-97. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.12.004. Epub 2022 Dec 23.
Equestrians have a high risk of concussions per hospital records. However, most concussions occur in private settings where concussions are not tracked. We determined concussion incidence by self-report, expressed per 1000 h of exposure, and determined helmet usage and concussion knowledge.
Descriptive epidemiological study.
Equestrians were recruited using a snowball method of sampling in which enrolled participants recruited more equestrians. Participants completed a survey of equestrian experience and history of concussion, symptoms and provided estimates of hours spent in various equestrian activities. From these data, incidences of concussions were calculated. In addition, they answered questions regarding helmet usage and willingness to take risks when concussed.
210 participants (203 women) reported 27 ± 14 years of equine experience and 728 concussions, 3.47 ± 5.34 per person (0-55). Incidence while riding was 0.19/1000 h which was greater than the incidence while driving (0.02/1000 h) or handling horses (0.03/1000 h). Riders were helmeted at the time of injury 85% of the time. While concussion knowledge was high, most reported willingness to risk permanent injury by continuing to work with horses while injured.
To our knowledge this is the first study to document incidence of concussions in equestrians: incidence is higher while riding than during football or rugby training. Helmets were far more commonly worn at the time of concussion than reported in hospital data, suggesting that helmets effectively reduce concussions severe enough to warrant urgent medical care.
根据医院记录，骑手发生脑震荡的风险很高。然而，大多数脑震荡发生在私人场所，这些场所没有记录脑震荡的情况。我们通过自我报告来确定脑震荡的发生率，以每 1000 小时暴露的脑震荡发生率来表示，并确定头盔的使用情况和脑震荡的认知程度。
描述性流行病学研究。
采用雪球抽样法招募骑手，即已入组的参与者招募更多的骑手。参与者完成了一份关于马术经验和脑震荡史、症状的调查，并提供了他们在各种马术活动中花费的时间估计。根据这些数据，计算出脑震荡的发生率。此外，他们还回答了关于头盔使用情况以及在脑震荡时是否愿意冒险的问题。
210 名参与者（203 名女性）报告了 27±14 年的马术经验和 728 次脑震荡，每人（0-55）发生 3.47±5.34 次。骑马时的发生率为 0.19/1000 小时，高于驾驶（0.02/1000 小时）或操纵马匹（0.03/1000 小时）时的发生率。骑手在受伤时 85%的时间戴着头盔。虽然脑震荡的认知程度很高，但大多数人报告说，即使在受伤的情况下，他们也愿意冒险继续与马匹一起工作，从而造成永久性伤害。
据我们所知，这是第一项记录马术运动员脑震荡发生率的研究：发生率在骑马时高于足球或橄榄球训练时。头盔在脑震荡时的佩戴率远远高于医院数据报告的比例，这表明头盔有效地减少了严重到需要紧急医疗护理的脑震荡。
