Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 113 Żeromskiego Street, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Urology, Medical University of Lodz, 113 Żeromskiego Street, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Dec 30;24(1):643. doi: 10.3390/ijms24010643.
Renal cell carcinoma is one of the common cancers whose incidence and mortality are continuously growing worldwide. Initially, this type of tumour is usually asymptomatic. Due to the lack of reliable diagnostic markers, one-third of ccRCC patients already have distant metastases at the time of diagnosis. This underlines the importance of establishing biomarkers that would enable the prediction of the disease's course and the risk of metastasis. LncRNA, which modulates genes at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels, appears promising. The actions of lncRNA involve sponging and sequestering target miRNAs, thus affecting numerous biological processes. Studies have confirmed the involvement of RNAs in various diseases, including RCC. In this review, we focused on MALAT1 (a marker of serious pathological changes and a factor in the promotion of tumorigenesis), RCAT1 (tumour promoter in RCC), DUXAP9 (a plausible marker of localized ccRCC), TCL6 (exerting tumour-suppressive effects in renal cancer), LINC00342 (acting as an oncogene), AGAP2 Antisense1 (plausible predictor of RCC progression), DLEU2 (factor promoting tumours growth via the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition), NNT-AS1 (sponge of miR-22 contributing to tumour progression), LINC00460 (favouring ccRCC development and progression) and Lnc-LSG1 (a factor that may stimulate ccRCC metastasis).
肾细胞癌是一种常见的癌症，其发病率和死亡率在全球范围内持续增长。最初，这种肿瘤通常没有症状。由于缺乏可靠的诊断标志物，三分之一的 ccRCC 患者在诊断时已经有远处转移。这凸显了建立生物标志物的重要性，这些标志物能够预测疾病的进程和转移的风险。lncRNA 在表观遗传、转录和转录后水平上调节基因，具有很大的应用前景。lncRNA 的作用包括海绵吸附和隔离靶 miRNAs，从而影响许多生物过程。研究已经证实 RNA 参与了包括 RCC 在内的各种疾病。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了 MALAT1（严重病理变化的标志物和促进肿瘤发生的因素）、RCAT1（RCC 的肿瘤促进剂）、DUXAP9（局部 ccRCC 的合理标志物）、TCL6（在肾癌中发挥肿瘤抑制作用）、LINC00342（作为癌基因）、AGAP2 Antisense1（RCC 进展的合理预测因子）、DLEU2（通过调节上皮-间充质转化促进肿瘤生长的因子）、NNT-AS1（miR-22 的海绵促进肿瘤进展）、LINC00460（有利于 ccRCC 发展和进展）和 Lnc-LSG1（可能刺激 ccRCC 转移的因素）。
