Licinio Alexandre, Laur Joan, Pitre Frederic E, Labrecque Michel
Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, Jardin Botanique de Montréal, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Dec 30;12(1):167. doi: 10.3390/plants12010167.
Phytoremediation shows great promise as a plant-based alternative to conventional clean-up methods that are prohibitively expensive. As part of an integrated strategy, the selection of well-adapted plant species as well as planting and management techniques could determine the success of a long-term program. Herein, we conducted an experiment under semi-controlled conditions to screen different plants species with respect to their ability to phytoremediate Zn-contaminated soil excavated from a contaminated site following a train derailment and spillage. The effect of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) application on the plants and soil was also comprehensively evaluated, albeit we did not find its use relevant for field application. In less than 100 days, substantial Zn removal occurred in the soil zone proximal to the roots of all the tested plant species. Three perennial herbaceous species were tested, namely, Festuca arundinacea, Medicago sativa, and a commercial mix purposely designed for revegetation; they all showed strong capacity for phytostabilization at the root level but not for phytoextraction. The Zn content in the aboveground biomass of willows was much higher. Furthermore, the degree of growth, physiological measurements, and the Zn extraction yield indicated Salix purpurea ‘Fish Creek’ could perform better than Salix miyabeana, ‘SX67’, in situ. Therefore, we suggest implementing an S. purpurea—perennial herbaceous co-cropping strategy at this decade-long-abandoned contaminated site or at similar disrupted landscapes.
植物修复作为一种基于植物的替代方法，有望取代成本过高的传统清理方法。作为综合策略的一部分，选择适应性良好的植物物种以及种植和管理技术可能决定长期项目的成败。在此，我们在半控制条件下进行了一项实验，以筛选不同植物物种对从火车脱轨和泄漏后的污染场地挖掘出的锌污染土壤进行植物修复的能力。还全面评估了施用次氮基三乙酸（NTA）对植物和土壤的影响，尽管我们发现其在实地应用中并无相关性。在不到100天的时间里，所有受试植物物种根部附近的土壤区域都发生了大量的锌去除。测试了三种多年生草本植物，即高羊茅、紫花苜蓿和一种专门为植被恢复设计的商业混合物；它们在根部水平都表现出很强的植物稳定能力，但没有植物提取能力。柳树地上生物量中的锌含量要高得多。此外，生长程度、生理测量结果和锌提取产量表明，紫柳‘鱼溪’在原位表现可能优于宫城柳‘SX67’。因此，我们建议在这个废弃了十年的污染场地或类似的受干扰景观中实施紫柳—多年生草本植物间作策略。
