Courchesne François, Turmel Marie-Claude, Cloutier-Hurteau Benoît, Constantineau Simon, Munro Lara, Labrecque Michel
a Département de géographie , Université de Montréal , Montréal , QC , Canada.
b Institut de recherche en biologie végétale , Université de Montréal and Jardin botanique de Montréal , Montréal , QC , Canada.
Int J Phytoremediation. 2017 Jun 3;19(6):545-554. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1267700.
The phytoextraction of the trace elements (TEs) As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn by willow cultivars (Fish Creek, SV1 and SX67) was measured during a 3-year field trial in a mildly contaminated soil. Biomass ranged from 2.8 to 4.4 Mg/ha/year at 30,000 plants/ha. Shoots (62%) were the main component followed by leaves (23%) and roots (15%). Biomass was positively linked to soluble soil dissolved organic carbon, K, and Mg, while TEs, not Cd and Zn, had a negative effect. The TE concentration ranking was: Zn > Cu > Cd > Ni, Pb > As, and distribution patterns were: (i) minima in shoots (As, Ni), (ii) maxima in leaves (Cd, Zn), or (iii) maxima in roots (Cu, Pb). Correlations between soil and plant TE were significant for the six TEs in roots. The amounts extracted were at a maximum for Zn, whereas Fish Creek and SV1 extracted more TE than SX67. More than 60% (91-94% for Cd and Zn) of the total TE was in the aboveground parts. Uptake increased with time because of higher biomass. Fertilization, the selection of cultivars, and the use of complementary plants are required to improve productivity and Cd and Zn uptake.
在轻度污染土壤的3年田间试验中，对柳树品种（鱼溪、SV1和SX67）对微量元素砷、镉、铜、镍、铅和锌的植物提取量进行了测定。在每公顷种植30000株植物的情况下，生物量范围为每年2.8至4.4吨/公顷。地上部分（62%）是主要组成部分，其次是叶片（23%）和根系（15%）。生物量与土壤可溶性溶解有机碳、钾和镁呈正相关，而微量元素（除镉和锌外）则有负面影响。微量元素浓度排序为：锌>铜>镉>镍>铅>砷，分布模式为：（i）地上部分含量最低（砷、镍），（ii）叶片中含量最高（镉、锌），或（iii）根系中含量最高（铜、铅）。土壤和植物中六种微量元素在根系中的相关性显著。锌的提取量最大，而鱼溪和SV1比SX67提取的微量元素更多。总微量元素的60%以上（镉和锌为91-94%）存在于地上部分。由于生物量增加，吸收量随时间增加。需要通过施肥、品种选择和使用辅助植物来提高生产力以及镉和锌的吸收量。
