Fuławka Krzysztof, Pytel Witold, Szumny Marcin, Mertuszka Piotr, Pałac-Walko Bogumiła, Hartlieb Philipp, Jakić Michel, Nöger Michael
KGHM Cuprum Ltd. Research & Development Centre, 2-8 Sikorskiego Street, 53-659 Wrocław, Poland.
Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 15 Na Grobli Street, 50-421 Wrocław, Poland.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Dec 23;23(1):154. doi: 10.3390/s23010154.
Roof falls are currently one of the most dangerous threats associated with underground mining at great depth. Every occurrence of such an event poses a significant risk to the mining crew and disturbs the continuity of the mining process, which clearly affects the economy of the exploitation process. The development of a reliable monitoring system may significantly reduce the impact of eventual roof failure and will have a positive effect on the sustainability of the extraction process. Within this research study, a prototype of an instrumented rock bolt developed for continuous stress measurement is presented. The procedure of a 4-groove multilevel instrumented rock bolt is described and the calibration process is shown. Then, preliminary results of long-term in situ monitoring are presented. Based on the continuous monitoring of stress distribution within immediate roof strata, it was concluded that the developed instrumented rock bolt provides reliable results and is a very useful device, ensuring the possibility of early warning for miners about increasing roof fall risk.
目前，冒顶是与深部地下采矿相关的最危险威胁之一。此类事件的每一次发生都会对采矿人员构成重大风险，并扰乱采矿过程的连续性，这显然会影响开采过程的经济性。开发可靠的监测系统可能会显著降低最终顶板失效的影响，并将对开采过程的可持续性产生积极影响。在本研究中，展示了一种为连续应力测量而开发的仪器化锚杆原型。描述了四槽多级仪器化锚杆的制作过程并展示了校准过程。然后，给出了长期现场监测的初步结果。基于对直接顶板岩层内应力分布的连续监测，得出结论：所开发的仪器化锚杆提供了可靠的结果，是一种非常有用的装置，可确保为矿工提供关于冒顶风险增加的早期预警。
