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景观在塑造南京禄口国际机场鸟类群落中的作用及其对景观管理的启示

The role of landscape in shaping bird community and implications for landscape management at Nanjing Lukou International Airport.

作者信息

Yuan Sijia, Miao Keer, Qian Ruen, Zhao Yang, Hu Dongfang, Hu Chaochao, Chang Qing

机构信息

Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences Nanjing Normal University Nanjing China.

Nanjing Lukou International Airport Nanjing China.

出版信息

Ecol Evol. 2023 Jan 6;13(1):e9646. doi: 10.1002/ece3.9646. eCollection 2023 Jan.

DOI:10.1002/ece3.9646
PMID:36620403
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9817198/
Abstract

Understanding the patterns of bird diversity and its driving force is necessary for bird strike prevention. In this study, we investigated the effects of landscape on phylogenetic and functional diversity of bird communities at Nanjing Lukou International Airport (NLIA). Bird identifications and counting of individuals were carried out from November 2017 to October 2019. Based on the land-cover data, the landscape was divided into four main types, including farmlands, woodlands, wetlands, and urban areas. Bird phylogenetic and functional diversity were strongly affected by landscape matrix types. Species richness and Faith's phylogenetic distance were highest in woodlands, while mean pairwise distance (MPD), mean nearest-taxon distance (MNTD), and functional dispersion (FDis) were highest in wetlands. Based on the feeding behavior, carnivorous birds had the lowest species richness but had the highest FDis, which implied that carnivorous birds occupied most niches at the NLIA. Moreover, bird assemblages exhibited phylogenetic and functional clustering in the four kinds of landscapes. A variety of landscape attributes had significant effects on species diversity, phylogenetic and functional diversity. Landscape-scale factors played an important role in the shaping of bird communities around NLIA. Our results suggest that landscape management surrounding airports can provide new approaches for policymakers to mitigate wildlife strikes.

摘要

了解鸟类多样性模式及其驱动力对于预防鸟击至关重要。在本研究中，我们调查了南京禄口国际机场（NLIA）景观对鸟类群落系统发育和功能多样性的影响。2017年11月至2019年10月进行了鸟类识别和个体计数。根据土地覆盖数据，景观分为四种主要类型，包括农田、林地、湿地和城市区域。鸟类系统发育和功能多样性受到景观基质类型的强烈影响。物种丰富度和费思系统发育距离在林地中最高，而平均成对距离（MPD）、平均最近分类单元距离（MNTD）和功能离散度（FDis）在湿地中最高。基于取食行为，食肉鸟类的物种丰富度最低，但FDis最高，这意味着食肉鸟类在NLIA占据了大多数生态位。此外，鸟类群落组合在四种景观中表现出系统发育和功能聚类。多种景观属性对物种多样性、系统发育和功能多样性有显著影响。景观尺度因素在塑造NLIA周边鸟类群落方面发挥了重要作用。我们的结果表明，机场周边的景观管理可以为政策制定者减轻野生动物撞击提供新方法。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd4f/9817198/fed9df60c452/ECE3-13-e9646-g005.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd4f/9817198/fed9df60c452/ECE3-13-e9646-g005.jpg
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